A new lineage of crayfish-infecting Microsporidia: The Cambaraspora floridanus n. gen. n. sp. (Glugeida: Glugeidae) complex from Floridian freshwaters (USA)

Bojko, Jamie; Behringer, Donald C.; Moler, Paul E.; Stratton, Cheyenne E.; Reisinger, Lindsey S.

doi:10.1016/j.jip.2020.107345

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Also, even if relatively scarce, investigations in aquatic organisms other than amphipods or fish led to the discovery of several new microsporidian species, but not Dictyocoela (e.g. for the most recent [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70]), contrasting with the studies made on amphipods of different clades where Dictyocoela were easily found (e.g. for the most recent [19,[26][27][28]38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dictyocoela microsporidia diversity and co-diversification with their host, a gammarid species complex (Crustacea, Amphipoda) with an old history of divergence and high endemic diversity

et al. 2020

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Background Although the processes of co-evolution between parasites and their hosts are well known, evidence of co-speciation remains scarce. Microsporidian intracellular parasites, due to intimate relationships with their hosts and mixed mode of transmission (horizontal but also vertical, from mother to offspring), may represent an interesting biological model for investigating co-speciation. Amphipod crustaceans, especially gammarids, are regular hosts of microsporidian parasites, in particular the Dictyocoela spp., which have so far been found limited to these amphipods and are known to use a vertical mode of transmission. The amphipod genus Gammarus has a diversification history spanning the last 50–60 Mya and an extensive cryptic diversity in most of the nominal species. Here, we investigated the degree of co-diversification between Dictyocoela and Gammarus balcanicus, an amphipod with high degrees of ancient cryptic diversification and lineage endemism, by examining the genetic diversity of these parasites over the entire geographic range of the host. We hypothesised that the strong host diversification and vertical transmission of Dictyocoela would promote co-diversification. Results Using the parasite SSU rDNA as a molecular marker, analyzing 2225 host specimens from 88 sites covering whole host range, we found 31 haplogroups of Dictyocoela, 30 of which were novel, belonging to four Dictyocoela species already known to infect other Gammarus spp. The relationships between Dictyocoela and gammarids is therefore ancient, with the speciation in parasites preceding those of the hosts. Each novel haplogroup was nevertheless specific to G. balcanicus, leaving the possibility for subsequent co-diversification process during host diversification. A Procrustean Approach to Co-phylogeny (PACo) analysis revealed that diversification of Dictyocoela was not random with respect to that of the host. We found high degrees of congruence between the diversification of G. balcanicus and that of Dictyocoela roeselum and D. muelleri. However, we also found some incongruences between host and Dictyocoela phylogenies, e.g. in D. duebenum, probably due to host shifts between different G. balcanicus cryptic lineages. Conclusion The evolutionary history of Dictyocoela and Gammarus balcanicus represents an example of an overall host-parasite co-diversification, including cases of host shifts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dictyocoela microsporidia diversity and co-diversification with their host, a gammarid species complex (Crustacea, Amphipoda) with an old history of divergence and high endemic diversity

et al. 2020

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“…These tissues were preserved in Davidson’s Freshwater Fixative (35.5% tap water, 31% 95%-ethanol, 22% formaldehyde, 11.5% glacial acetic acid) for 24–48 h and then moved to 70% ethanol. The tissues were wax-embedded, sectioned (3–4 μm), mounted on glass slides, and stained with hematoxylin and alcoholic eosin as specified in Bojko et al [ 5 ]. Histology slides were screened using a Leica DM500 microscope.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infections are usually chronic and result in muscle function loss and ultimately death [ 2 ]. Several microsporidian genera have been identified from crayfish globally, including: Cambaraspora , Nosema , Ovipleistophora , Pleistophora , Thelohania , and Vavraia [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Four of these genera ( Cambaraspora , Ovipleistophora , Pleistophora , Thelohania ) infect North American crayfish species; however, the presence of only two genera ( Ovipleistophora and Cambaraspora ) has been confirmed using molecular tools [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several microsporidian genera have been identified from crayfish globally, including: Cambaraspora , Nosema , Ovipleistophora , Pleistophora , Thelohania , and Vavraia [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Four of these genera ( Cambaraspora , Ovipleistophora , Pleistophora , Thelohania ) infect North American crayfish species; however, the presence of only two genera ( Ovipleistophora and Cambaraspora ) has been confirmed using molecular tools [ 5 , 6 ]. One genus, the Thelohania (Thelohaniidae; Clade V), is polyphyletic and genetically distinct between marine and freshwater environments—only freshwater Thelohania infect crayfish [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thelohania cambari has not been reported since its initial description in 1950 and there are no molecular or ultrastructural data available. In recent years, a high diversity of crayfish-infecting microsporidia has been reported from North America with supporting DNA sequence data, but the taxonomy surrounding historic, morphology-based observations is unreliable, and it is unknown whether any were truly Thelohania species [ 5 , 6 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revising the Freshwater Thelohania to Astathelohania gen. et comb. nov., and Description of Two New Species

et al. 2022

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Crayfish are common hosts of microsporidian parasites, prominently from the genus Thelohania. Thelohania is a polyphyletic genus, with multiple genetically distinct lineages found from freshwater and marine environments. Researchers have been calling for a revision of this group for over a decade. We provide evidence that crayfish-infecting freshwater Thelohania are genetically and phylogenetically distinct from the marine Thelohania (Clade V/Glugeida), whilst also describing two new species that give further support to the taxonomic revision. We propose that the freshwater Thelohania should be transferred to their own genus, Astathelohania gen. et comb. nov., in a new family (Astathelohaniidae n. fam.). This results in the revision of Thelohania contejeani (Astathelohania contejeani), Thelohania montirivulorum (Astathelohania montirivulorum), and Thelohania parastaci (Astathelohania parastaci). We also describe two novel muscle-infecting Astathelohania species, A. virili n. sp. and A. rusti n. sp., from North American crayfishes (Faxonius sp.). We used histological, molecular, and ultrastructural data to formally describe the novel isolates. Our data suggest that the Astathelohania are genetically distinct from other known microsporidian genera, outside any described family, and that their SSU rRNA gene sequence diversity follows their host species and native geographic location. The range of this genus currently includes North America, Europe, and Australia.

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Microsporidian Pathogens of Aquatic Animals

Bojko

Stentiford

2022

Experientia Supplementum

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A new lineage of crayfish-infecting Microsporidia: The Cambaraspora floridanus n. gen. n. sp. (Glugeida: Glugeidae) complex from Floridian freshwaters (USA)

Cited by 13 publications

References 40 publications

Dictyocoela microsporidia diversity and co-diversification with their host, a gammarid species complex (Crustacea, Amphipoda) with an old history of divergence and high endemic diversity

Dictyocoela microsporidia diversity and co-diversification with their host, a gammarid species complex (Crustacea, Amphipoda) with an old history of divergence and high endemic diversity

Revising the Freshwater Thelohania to Astathelohania gen. et comb. nov., and Description of Two New Species

Microsporidian Pathogens of Aquatic Animals

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