Abstract:A pyraustine species of the genus Ostrinia Hübner collected at Shigakogen, central Honshu, Japan is described as new to science under the name of Ostrinia ovalipennis sp. nov. This species is morphologically similar to the Far Eastern knotweed borer, Ostrinia latipennis, but is distinguishable from O. latipennis in wing marking and male genitalia. Larvae of O. ovalipennis feed on the knotweed, Reynoutria sachalinensis (Polygonaceae), as do larvae of O. latipennis. In Shigakogen, adults of the two knotweed‐bori… Show more
“…For O. ovalipennis, 13 males among the 19 specimens from Hokkaido and 12 males from Shigakogen, Nagano-Pref., were subjected to morphological measurements. The 12 males from Shigakogen were among the paratype specimens used for species description by Ohno (2003a). For O. latipennis, 385 males were collected at 15 localities representing the whole distribution range in Japan (Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Among known Ostrinia species, one recently described species, O. ovalipennis Ohno, is peculiar in that it has been recorded only in Shigakogen, a highland (alt. 1,600 m) area in NaganoPref., central Honshu, Japan (Ohno, 2003a). O. latipennis (Warren), the species most similar to O. ovalipennis in morphology (Ohno, 2003a), is distributed in northern Far East Asia including Japan (Mutuura and Munroe, 1970).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1,600 m) area in NaganoPref., central Honshu, Japan (Ohno, 2003a). O. latipennis (Warren), the species most similar to O. ovalipennis in morphology (Ohno, 2003a), is distributed in northern Far East Asia including Japan (Mutuura and Munroe, 1970). In Japan, O. latipennis is widely distributed from Hokkaido in the north to central Honshu in the south, and in several small islands around the two main islands (Ohno, 1998(Ohno, , 1999(Ohno, , 2001.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Japan, O. latipennis is widely distributed from Hokkaido in the north to central Honshu in the south, and in several small islands around the two main islands (Ohno, 1998(Ohno, , 1999(Ohno, , 2001. O. ovalipennis and O. latipennis occur sympatrically in Shigakogen (Ohno, 2003a). In Shigakogen, the larvae of O. ovalipennis feed on the giant knotweed, Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai (Polygonaceae) (Ohno, 2003a), one of the host plants of O. latipennis (Ohno, 2000).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Shigakogen, the larvae of O. ovalipennis feed on the giant knotweed, Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai (Polygonaceae) (Ohno, 2003a), one of the host plants of O. latipennis (Ohno, 2000). The two species differ in several wing and male-genital characters, among which the shape of the postmedial line of the forewing and the length of the sacculus of male genitalia are the most useful diagnostics for species identification (Ohno, 2003a).…”
Ostrinia ovalipennis has been recorded only in Shigakogen, a highland area in Honshu. Here, we report the occurrence of the species in Hokkaido. Since Ostrinia latipennis, a close relative of O. ovalipennis, is distributed widely in northeastern Japan, these two species occur sympatrically at some localities. The two species can be diagnosed based on the wing morphology. Another diagnostic character useful for distinguishing the Shigakogen population of O. ovalipennis from O. latipennis, i.e., the sacculus length (SL) of male genitalia, could not distinguish some individuals of the Hokkaido population of O. ovalipennis from O. latipennis. To revise the species diagnosis of the two species in terms of male morphometric traits, and to compare the degree of geographic differentiation in morphology between the two species, we analyzed 10 morphological traits. A linear discriminant analysis showed that O. ovalipennis could be distinguished from O. latipennis by a combination of two traits, SL and mid femur length. Morphological differentiation was greater between the Shigakogen and Hokkaido populations of O. ovalipennis than between the same local populations of O. latipennis. We suggest that the difference in the degree of geographic differentiation between the two species has been caused by the difference in their distribution patterns.
“…For O. ovalipennis, 13 males among the 19 specimens from Hokkaido and 12 males from Shigakogen, Nagano-Pref., were subjected to morphological measurements. The 12 males from Shigakogen were among the paratype specimens used for species description by Ohno (2003a). For O. latipennis, 385 males were collected at 15 localities representing the whole distribution range in Japan (Fig.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Among known Ostrinia species, one recently described species, O. ovalipennis Ohno, is peculiar in that it has been recorded only in Shigakogen, a highland (alt. 1,600 m) area in NaganoPref., central Honshu, Japan (Ohno, 2003a). O. latipennis (Warren), the species most similar to O. ovalipennis in morphology (Ohno, 2003a), is distributed in northern Far East Asia including Japan (Mutuura and Munroe, 1970).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…1,600 m) area in NaganoPref., central Honshu, Japan (Ohno, 2003a). O. latipennis (Warren), the species most similar to O. ovalipennis in morphology (Ohno, 2003a), is distributed in northern Far East Asia including Japan (Mutuura and Munroe, 1970). In Japan, O. latipennis is widely distributed from Hokkaido in the north to central Honshu in the south, and in several small islands around the two main islands (Ohno, 1998(Ohno, , 1999(Ohno, , 2001.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Japan, O. latipennis is widely distributed from Hokkaido in the north to central Honshu in the south, and in several small islands around the two main islands (Ohno, 1998(Ohno, , 1999(Ohno, , 2001. O. ovalipennis and O. latipennis occur sympatrically in Shigakogen (Ohno, 2003a). In Shigakogen, the larvae of O. ovalipennis feed on the giant knotweed, Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai (Polygonaceae) (Ohno, 2003a), one of the host plants of O. latipennis (Ohno, 2000).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In Shigakogen, the larvae of O. ovalipennis feed on the giant knotweed, Reynoutria sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai (Polygonaceae) (Ohno, 2003a), one of the host plants of O. latipennis (Ohno, 2000). The two species differ in several wing and male-genital characters, among which the shape of the postmedial line of the forewing and the length of the sacculus of male genitalia are the most useful diagnostics for species identification (Ohno, 2003a).…”
Ostrinia ovalipennis has been recorded only in Shigakogen, a highland area in Honshu. Here, we report the occurrence of the species in Hokkaido. Since Ostrinia latipennis, a close relative of O. ovalipennis, is distributed widely in northeastern Japan, these two species occur sympatrically at some localities. The two species can be diagnosed based on the wing morphology. Another diagnostic character useful for distinguishing the Shigakogen population of O. ovalipennis from O. latipennis, i.e., the sacculus length (SL) of male genitalia, could not distinguish some individuals of the Hokkaido population of O. ovalipennis from O. latipennis. To revise the species diagnosis of the two species in terms of male morphometric traits, and to compare the degree of geographic differentiation in morphology between the two species, we analyzed 10 morphological traits. A linear discriminant analysis showed that O. ovalipennis could be distinguished from O. latipennis by a combination of two traits, SL and mid femur length. Morphological differentiation was greater between the Shigakogen and Hokkaido populations of O. ovalipennis than between the same local populations of O. latipennis. We suggest that the difference in the degree of geographic differentiation between the two species has been caused by the difference in their distribution patterns.
The scope of adaptive mechanisms by which species respond to variation in their local environment presents fundamental questions for ecological and evolutionary studies. Cumulative effects of exposures to light (photoperiod) and heat (degree day accumulation) impact species growth rates and modify seasonal responses (Andrewartha & Birch, 1954). Thus, phenological and/or life cycle adaptations theoretically move ecotype variants toward trait accumulations that optimize survival and reproduction under a set of local environmental conditions (Fielding et al., 1999;Viegas et al., 2012).
Crossing experiments between two closely related moths, Ostrinia scapulalis and O. zealis, were conducted to gain insight into the genetic basis of the divergence of female sex pheromones. The sex pheromone of O. scapulalis comprises (E)-11- and (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetates (E11 and Z11), and distinct genetic variation is found in the blend of components. This variation is largely controlled by a single autosomal locus with two alleles, AE(sca) and AZ(sca). E-type (AE(sca)AE(sca)) females produce a pheromone with a mean E11:Z11 ratio of 99:1, whereas Z-type (AZ(sca)AZ(sca)) and 1-type (AE(sca)AZ(sca)) females produce a pheromone with a mean of 3:97 and 64:36, respectively. O. zealis is distinctive in that it has a third pheromone component, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9), in addition to E11 and Z11, and the typical blend ratio is 60:35:5 (Z9:E11:Z11). Our study revealed that Z9 production in O. zealis is mainly regulated by an autosomal recessive gene phr(zea), which is suggested to be involved in the chain-shortening of a pheromone precursor fatty acid, and linked to AE(zea), a gene corresponding to AE(sca) in O. scapulalis. A few mutations in a gene involved in pheromone production could explain the dramatic shift between a two-component pheromone communication system in O. scapulalis and a three-component system in O. zealis.
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