A new Jurassic–Recent apparent polar wander path for South America and a review of central Andean tectonic models

Randall, Darren E.

doi:10.1016/s0040-1951(98)00198-x

Cited by 48 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 124 publications

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“…Subduction of the Nazca Plate beneath South America occurs at the Chile and Peru Trenches; several aseismic ridges currently underthrust the margin. Semicircular gray arrows depict the opposing rotations (observed from paleomagnetic studies [e.g., Beck, 1987;Roperch and Carlier, 1992;Randall, 1998;Somoza et al, 1996;Lamb, 2001]) north and south of the Bolivian Orocline, and the straight arrows show the direction of decreasing back-arc shortening away from the orocline, consistent with the sense of rotation of the margin [e.g., Isacks, 1988;Kley, 1999;Macedo-Sanchez et al, 1992]. Elevation data from ETOPO5.…”

Section: A316 Tyrrhenian Basinmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Figure A17) have documented large rotations of the Andean margin that appear to be associated with development of the Bolivian orocline. Anticlockwise rotations are prevalent in the northern limb of the orocline, while clockwise rotation dominates the southern limb [e.g., Beck, 1987;Roperch and Carlier, 1992;Randall, 1998;Somoza et al, 1996;Lamb, 2001]. Observed gradients in shortening within the Andean orogenic belt (i.e., decreased shortening away from the center of the orocline) are consistent with tectonic rotation of the Andean margin as large fore-arc blocks [e.g., Isacks, 1988;Kley, 1999;Macedo-Sanchez et al, 1992], and there is some indication that these rotations may continue to the present day [Lamb, 2000].…”

Section: A316 Tyrrhenian Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Collisional model for rapid fore‐arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back‐arc rifting in subduction settings

Wallace

Ellis

Mann

2009

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

102

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[1] We review geophysical and geological data from 23 active and ancient plate boundaries to document a compelling spatial and temporal relationship between collision, plate boundary curvature, rapid tectonic rotations, and the occurrence of back-arc rifting. Our observations support a conceptual model where the change from subduction to collision causes rapid fore-arc rotation (when viewed in a reference frame relative to the bounding tectonic plates), leading to marked plate boundary curvature. Our global compilation reveals that most active back-arc rifts are associated with rapidly rotating fore arcs and nearby collisions. Thus, we propose that collision and rapid fore-arc rotations play a major role in the evolution and kinematics of back-arc basins. We conduct numerical modeling to better understand the physical processes behind these observed rapid tectonic rotations at convergent margins. Our results suggest that the presence of an indentor or choke point in the subduction system (e.g., collision) can generate rapid rotation of the fore arc about a nearby pole and lead to back-arc rifting. The rate of fore-arc rotation and back-arc rifting depends on the incoming indentor velocity and can be greatly enhanced by slab rollback and the presence of a low-viscosity back arc. Where viscosity of the back arc is low, fore-arc rotation dominates; where back-arc viscosity is high, the formation of strike-slip faults and tectonic escape dominates. Our observational and model-derived results illustrate that shallow crustal forces produced by the entry of buoyant features into subduction zones are a fundamental mechanism for the generation of fore-arc block rotations, plate boundary curvature, back-arc rift evolution, and tectonic escape in subduction systems. Rollback of the subducting slab within the mantle will certainly enhance the processes we describe but it is not the only driving force. Wallace, L. M., S. Ellis, and P. Mann (2009), Collisional model for rapid fore-arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back-arc rifting in subduction settings, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 10, Q05001,

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Section: A316 Tyrrhenian Basinmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: A316 Tyrrhenian Basinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collisional model for rapid fore‐arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back‐arc rifting in subduction settings

Wallace

Ellis

Mann

2009

Geochem Geophys Geosyst

102

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“…hinged at about 20 ∘ and 24 ∘ S [106]. The earthquake distribution and mechanisms [29] with hypocenters >500 km and <70 km, respectively (Figure 9), coincide with the inferred Nazca plate subduction at the Paraguay latitude (Figure 10), where the depth of the lithospheric earthquakes, together with the paleomagnetic results [38,95,107], delineates different rotational paths at about [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] ∘ S (i.e., Chaco-Pantanal Basin). These data indicate extensional subplate tectonics along the Andean system [95], coupled with the lineaments of lithospheric earthquakes versus the Atlantic system that parallels the Ponta Grossa Arch and the lineaments of Rio Paraguay and Rio Pilcomayo, also clearly related to extensional environments [24,29,78].…”

Section: Geodynamic Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…also inset of Figure 3). The dark grey delineates the rotational subplate trends [24,95]. ASV: Asunción-Sapucai-Villarrica graben.…”

Section: Mantle Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magmatism in the Asunción-Sapucai-Villarrica Graben (Eastern Paraguay) Revisited: Petrological, Geophysical, Geochemical, and Geodynamic Inferences

Comin-Chiaramontí

Min

Cundari³

et al. 2013

Journal of Geological Research

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The Asunción-Sapucai-Villarrica graben (ASV) in Eastern Paraguay at the westernmost part of the Paraná Basin was the site of intense magmatic activity in Mesozoic and Tertiary times. Geological, petrological, mineralogical, and geochemical results indicate that the following magmatic events are dominant in the area: (1) tholeiitic basalt and basaltic andesites, flows and sills of low-and high-titanium types; (2) K-alkaline magmatism, where two suites are distinguished, that is, basanite to phonolite and alkali basalt to trachyte and their intrusive analogues; (3) ankaratrite to phonolite with strong Na-alkaline affinity, where mantle xenoliths in ultramafic rocks are high-and low-potassium suites, respectively. The structural and geophysical data show extensional characteristics for ASV. On the whole, the geochemical features imply different mantle sources, consistently with Sr-Nd isotopes that are Rb-Nd enriched and depleted for the potassic and sodic rocks, respectively. Nd model ages suggest that some notional distinct "metasomatic events" may have occurred during Paleoproterozoic to Neoproterozoic times as precursor to the alkaline and tholeiitic magmas. It seems, therefore, that the genesis of the ASV magmatism is dominated by a lithospheric mantle, characterized by small-scale heterogeneity.

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“…[30] Previously, it has been generally concluded that paleomagnetic data from the Andes as a whole do not show statistically significant north-south transport of crust (inclination flattening) [Beck, 1998;Randall, 1998]. More recently, however, Beck [2004] suggested, on the basis of the analysis of a more widespread data set [Prezzi and Alonso, 2002], that northern Chile may have undergone southward transport.…”

Section: Reference Polesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications for crustal rotation and tectonic evolution in the central Andes fore arc: New paleomagnetic results from the Copiapó region of northern Chile, 26°–28°S

et al. 2007

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New paleomagnetic data from the Coastal Cordillera‐Precordillera boundary area of northern Chile, east of Copiapó, between 26°00′S and 28°00′S are reported. Early Cretaceous to earliest Paleocene volcanics and sediments are nearly completely remagnetized, the remagnetization typically being carried by both magnetite and hematite. In a small minority of sites a pretilting remanence is retained, however, both pretilting and posttilting remanences yield similar directions. These remanences plus primary remanences from Paleocene intrusions indicate a significant >35° rotation of the whole area, in agreement with previous results from the region. The data suggest that the whole of this part of the Andean fore arc has undergone a substantial, regionally coherent, clockwise rotation. This rotation, it is argued, is in response to rapid and highly oblique Nazca–South American plate convergence in the period ∼60–45 Ma prior to later Incaic deformation in the east of the study area. In the east, heterogeneous rotations associated with the Domeyko Fault System are interpreted as being superimposed on this regional rotation resulting in a highly variable and localized pattern of rotations in the vicinity of the main structures comprising the fault system itself.

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A new Jurassic–Recent apparent polar wander path for South America and a review of central Andean tectonic models

Cited by 48 publications

References 124 publications

Collisional model for rapid fore‐arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back‐arc rifting in subduction settings

Collisional model for rapid fore‐arc block rotations, arc curvature, and episodic back‐arc rifting in subduction settings

Magmatism in the Asunción-Sapucai-Villarrica Graben (Eastern Paraguay) Revisited: Petrological, Geophysical, Geochemical, and Geodynamic Inferences

Implications for crustal rotation and tectonic evolution in the central Andes fore arc: New paleomagnetic results from the Copiapó region of northern Chile, 26°–28°S

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