A new isidiate species of <I>Graphis</I> (lichenised <I>Ascomycotina</I>) from China

Three new species ofGraphis(Ascomycota:Ostropales:Graphidaceae) from Mexico, with updates to taxonomic key entries for 41 species described between 2009 and 2013

“…Including the three species introduced here, no less than 41 species have been described or reinstated in the four years following publication of the key, representing an increase of 12·4% over the 330 species treated in the key. Of these, six are from North America (Lendemer 2010; Lücking et al 2011; Seavey & Seavey 2011), four from Mexico (Lumbsch et al 2011; this paper), one from Central America (Costa Rica: Lücking et al 2012), nine from South America (Peru: Rivas Plata & Lücking 2013; Brazil: Dal-Forno & Eliasaro 2010; Lumbsch et al 2011; Cáceres et al 2012), three from Europe (Neuwirth & Aptroot 2011), 16 from Asia (India: Jagadeesh Ram & Sinha 2009; Chitale et al 2011; Sharma & Khadilkar 2011; Sri Lanka: Weerakoon et al 2012; Cambodia: Nakanishi et al 2010; Moon et al 2011; South Korea: Joshi et al 2010; Moon et al 2012; China: Jia & Wei 2009; Jia 2011; Indonesia: see key entries below), one from Fiji (Lücking et al 2010), and one pantropical species (this paper: see key entries below). We expect that this trend will continue in the near future; for the Graphis scripta group alone, Lücking (2012) predicted nearly 50 missing species based on the data from the published key.…”

“…str., whereas tropical material (with apically thin complete thalline margin) would have to be named G. guineensis C. W. Dodge; this issue needs further study. Group 6, couplet 12: Disc exposed, non-pruinose; South Korea ... Graphis jejuensis K. H. Moon et al (Moon et al 2012) [In the original description (Moon et al 2012), this species is given as carbonized apically or in the upper half, and thus far only G. pertricosa (Kremp.) A. W. Archer is known with such a character combination, differing in the muriform ascospores and norstictic acid; however, the illustrations provided by Moon et al (2012) suggest a laterally carbonized excipulum] Group 6, couplet 12: Disc concealed; labia non-pruinose; lirellae immersed in distinct, raised, pseudostromatic areas; USA ... Graphis elevata Seavey & J. Seavey (Seavey & Seavey 2011) Group 7, couplet 6: Ascospores 70–100×15–20 µm; lirellae erumpent, with thick lateral thalline margin ( subserpentina morph); Fiji ... Graphis collinsiae Lücking & Lumbsch (Lücking et al 2010) Group 8, couplet 7: Lirellae prominent to sessile, with thick lateral thalline margin, very short and unbranched ( dussii -morph); norstictic and salazinic acids; China ... Graphis paradussii Z. F. Jia (Jia 2011) Group 8, couplet 10: Lirellae prominent, with basal thalline margin, irregularly branched; ascospores 35–65 µm long; USA ... Graphis brittoniae Seavey & J. Seavey (Seavey & Seavey 2011) Group 8, couplet 15: Lirellae erumpent to prominent, lacking or with basal thalline margin; short and sparsely branched; thallus distinctly verrucose to almost isidiate; China ... Graphis guangdongensis Z. F. Jia & J. C. Wei (Jia & Wei 2009) Group 8, couplet 17: Lirellae erumpent; thallus verrucose; Brazil ... Graphis invisibilis Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (Dal-Forno & Eliasaro 2010) Group 8, couplet 18: Lirellae stellately branched and clustered into pseudostromata; thallus isidiate; Brazil ... Graphis itatiaiensis Nelsen et al (Lumbsch et al 2011) Group 8, couplet 20: Thallus green; lirellae 1–5 mm long, lacking basal margin, with grey-black labia; Mexico ... Graphis marusae B. Peña & Lücking (Lumbsch et al 2011) Group 8, couplet 29: Lichexanthone; disc exposed ( handelii morph); South Korea ... Graphis flavopalmicola Y. Joshi et al (Joshi et al 2010) Group 8, couplet 36: Lirellae prominent, with basal to lateral thalline margin, elongate and irregularly branched; Mexico ... Graphis chamelensis Barcenas-Peña & Lücking (this paper) Group 8, couplet 42: Lirellae elongate to very long, prominent; thallus sorediate; Brazil ... Graphis lueckingii Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (Dal-Forno & Eliasaro 2010) Group 8, couplet 51: Lirellae irregularly branched, with apically thin complete margin; ascospores regularly 3-septate, 15–20×5–6 µm; Peru ... Graphis pitmanii Rivas Plata & Lücking (Rivas Plata & Lücking 2013) Group 8, couplet 51: Lirellae irregularly branched but not radiate, with very thin complete margin; ascospores 7–11-septate, 35–55×10–12 µm; Brazil ... Graphis paranaensis Dal-Forno & Eliasaro (Dal-Forno & Eliasaro 2010) Group 10, couplet 6: Lirellae prominent, with thick lateral thalline margin ( marginata morph); ascospores 50–70 µm long; Sri Lanka ... Graph...…”

“…Group 8, couplet 15: Lirellae erumpent to prominent, lacking or with basal thalline margin; short and sparsely branched; thallus distinctly verrucose to almost isidiate; China ... Graphis guangdongensis Z. F. Jia & J. C. Wei (Jia & Wei 2009)…”

“…For example, 115 species have been reported from Costa Rica, a country much smaller than Mexico (Lücking et al 2008). In the present paper, we describe three new species from tropical rain and dry forest, and provide updates to the world key (Lücking et al 2009 b ) for these and an additional 38 species described between 2009 and 2013 (Jagadeesh Ram & Sinha 2009; Jia & Wei 2009; Dal-Forno & Eliasaro 2010; Joshi et al 2010; Lendemer 2010; Lücking et al 2010, 2011, 2012; Nakanishi et al 2010; Chitale et al 2011; Jia 2011; Lumbsch et al 2011; Moon et al 2011, 2012; Neuwirth & Aptroot 2011; Seavey & Seavey 2011; Sharma & Khadilkar 2011; Cáceres et al 2012; Weerakoon et al 2012; Rivas Plata & Lücking 2013).…”

New species of Graphidaceae from Zhejiang Province, China

“…Aptroot & Seaward (1999) added sixteen species, Aptroot & Sipman (2001) four, Aptroot & Sparrius (2003) found thirteen additional ones, and Seaward & Aptroot (2005) reported three more from a collection made during the United States North Pacific Exploring Expedition 1853-1856 in Hong Kong. In the course of the studies for the Flora Lichenum Sinicorum project, further 25 new species and new records were added by various authors Miao et al 2007;Meng & Wei 2008;Jia & Wei 2008;Jia & Wei 2009a, 2009bJia 2011;Jia et al 2011;Jia et al 2012;Wang et al 2013;Jia & Kalb 2013), thus bringing the total number to ca. 197.…”