Microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) is a nondestructive
visualization
tool that can capture real-time in situ multiphase flow dynamics inside
the opaque rock. It is a promising technique for deepening the understanding
of the microscopic displacement mechanisms of water and gas flooding.
By applying micro-CT, the real-time fluid and interface distribution
can be obtained in the form of 3D visualizations. Pore-scale information
such as in situ contact angle, interfacial tension, capillary pressure,
and residual oil distribution can be conveniently obtained from the
3D model. Furthermore, as a nondestructive technique, micro-CT makes
it possible to record the previously mentioned information along with
time without disturbing the multiphase flow system, thus enabling
the study of the multiphase flow system dynamically. This capability
of micro-CT largely helps understand the microscopic displacement
mechanisms, which is crucial for secondary and tertiary oil recovery.
This review work introduces micro-CT and its applications in core
flooding systems. It summarizes the information which can be determined
quantitatively based on the 3D model obtained from micro-CT data.
It also summarizes recent research findings inspired by micro-CT applications,
including conclusions about the multiphase flow system, mechanism
understandings of the pore-scale dynamics, and applications in flooding,
and CO2 sequestration.