A New Ice Nucleation Active Site Parameterization for Desert Dust and Soot

Ullrich, Romy; Hoose, Corinna; Möhler, Ottmar; Niemand, M.; Wagner, Robert; Höhler, Kristina; Hiranuma, Naruki; Saathoff, H.; Leisner, T.

doi:10.1175/jas-d-16-0074.1

Cited by 188 publications

(322 citation statements)

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“…Color‐coded ice nucleation active surface site densities, n s , as a function of temperature and ice saturation ratio for heterogeneous ice nucleation experiments with NaCl and sea salt aerosol particles (circles, this study, listed in Tables and ) and desert dust particles (stars, from Figure a in Ullrich et al, ). The origin of the dust samples (altogether six sample types with the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere labels AD1, AD2, CID1, ID1, SD2, and SD19) is briefly described in the text and detailed in Table of Ullrich et al (). As a guide to the eye, the red square encompasses most experiments with INAS densities between 1.0 · 10 10 and 1.0 · 10 11 m −2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The INAS densities for the various NaCl and SSA particle types fall in a rather small area in the T − S ice space with values between about 1.0 · 10 10 and 1.0 · 10 11 m −2 below the threshold temperature of about 220 K, underlining the similarity between the heterogeneous ice nucleation efficiencies of fully effloresced NaCl and mixed‐phase (solid/liquid) SSA particles. For a matter of clarity, we have also used one common symbol (stars) to represent the n s values of six different desert dust aerosol types (taken from Figure 4a of Ullrich et al, ). The dust types include two Asian desert dusts (AIDA labels AD1 and AD2) from the Takla Makan desert, a Canary Island dust (CID1) from Lanzarote, an Israel desert dust (ID1) collected after a Saharan dust storm event in Tel Aviv, and two Saharan desert dusts (SD2 and SD19) collected in Egypt and Tunisia (see Table 1 in Ullrich et al, for a detailed sample description).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation Ability of NaCl and Sea Salt Aerosol Particles at Cirrus Temperatures

et al. 2018

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In situ measurements of the composition of heterogeneous cirrus ice cloud residuals have indicated a substantial contribution of sea salt in sampling regions above the ocean. We have investigated the heterogeneous ice nucleation ability of sodium chloride (NaCl) and sea salt aerosol (SSA) particles at cirrus cloud temperatures between 235 and 200 K in the Aerosol Interaction and Dynamics in the Atmosphere aerosol and cloud chamber. Effloresced NaCl particles were found to act as ice nucleating particles in the deposition nucleation mode at temperatures below about 225 K, with freezing onsets in terms of the ice saturation ratio, Sice, between 1.28 and 1.40. Above 225 K, the crystalline NaCl particles deliquesced and nucleated ice homogeneously. The heterogeneous ice nucleation efficiency was rather similar for the two crystalline forms of NaCl (anhydrous NaCl and NaCl dihydrate). Mixed‐phase (solid/liquid) SSA particles were found to act as ice nucleating particles in the immersion freezing mode at temperatures below about 220 K, with freezing onsets in terms of Sice between 1.24 and 1.42. Above 220 K, the SSA particles fully deliquesced and nucleated ice homogeneously. Ice nucleation active surface site densities of the SSA particles were found to be in the range between 1.0 · 1010 and 1.0 · 1011 m−2 at T < 220 K. These values are of the same order of magnitude as ice nucleation active surface site densities recently determined for desert dust, suggesting a potential contribution of SSA particles to low‐temperature heterogeneous ice nucleation in the atmosphere.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation Ability of NaCl and Sea Salt Aerosol Particles at Cirrus Temperatures

et al. 2018

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“…Murray et al, 2012;Boose et al, 2016a;Ullrich et al, 2017). However, a significant fraction of these studies reported ns,GEO values which are not directly comparable to ns,BET 30 Hiranuma et al, 2015 Murray et al (2011).…”

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A laboratory investigation of the ice nucleation efficiency of three types of mineral and soil dust

Paramonov¹,

David²,

Kretzschmar³

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Surface-collected dust from three different locations around the world was examined with respect to its ice nucleation activity (INA) with the Portable Ice Nucleation Chamber (PINC). Ice nucleation experiments were conducted with particles of 200 and 400 nm in diameter in the temperature range of 233-243 K in both deposition nucleation and condensation freezing regimes. Several treatments were performed in order to investigate the effect of mineralogical 10 composition, as well as the presence of biological and proteinaceous, organic and soluble compounds on the INA of mineral and soil dust. The INA of untreated dust particles correlated well with the total feldspar and K-feldspar content, corroborating previously published results. The removal of heat-sensitive proteinaceous and organic components from the particle surface with heat decreased the INA of dusts. However, the decrease in the INA was not proportional to the amount of these organic components, indicating that different proteinaceous and organic species have different ice nucleation 15 activities, and the exact speciation is required in order to determine why dusts respond differently to the heating process. The INA of certain dusts increased after the removal of soluble material from the particle surface, demonstrating the low INA of the soluble compounds and/or the exposition of the underlying active sites. Similar to the proteinaceous organic compounds, soluble compounds seem to have different effects on the INA of surface-collected dusts, and a general conclusion about how the presence of soluble material on the particle surface affects its INA is not possible. The investigation of the heated and 20 washed dusts revealed that mineralogy alone is not able to fully explain the observed INA of surface-collected dusts at the examined temperature and relative humidity conditions. The results showed that it is not possible to predict the INA of surface-collected soil dust based on the presence and amount of certain minerals or any particular class of compounds, such as soluble or proteinaceous/organic. Instead, at temperatures of 238-243 K the ice nucleation activity of the untreated, surface-collected soil dust in condensation freezing mode can be roughly approximated by one of the existing surrogates for 25 atmospheric mineral dust, such as illite NX. Uncertainties associated with mechanical damage and possible changes to the mineralogy during treatments, as well as with the BET surface area and its immediate impact on the number of active sites ns,BET parameterisation, are addressed. 10 Kerminen et al., 2012;Paramonov et al., 2013), the studies of atmospheric ice nucleation have been insufficient and still pose a lot of open questions (DeMott et al., 2011;Kanji et al., 2017). In general, a significant fraction of precipitating clouds in various environments contains ice, e.g. both in the tropics (Lau and Wu, 2003) and in the Nordic countries (Sporre et al., 2014). Primary nucleation of ice in the atmosphere can occur in the absence of inso...

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“…Characterised by strong light absorption, BC particles are largely responsible for positive radiative forcing by aerosols. However, there are large uncertainties in the spatial distributions and temporal trends of sources, its effective mixing state (internally mixed or core-shell), its size distribution, and in the ability of BC particles to nucleate ice [15][16][17]. These uncertainties limit the effectiveness of models in evaluating optical properties and predicting future scenarios, thus reducing our understanding of the role of BC in climate modelling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%