“…Unlike the first two functions in the test suite, the Trid function has no local minimum, only the global one, which, for the 10-dimensional problem, is −210 at (10,18,24,28,30,30,28,24,18,10). A primary characteristic of this function is strong coupling between the variables, which causes difficulties for genetic algorithms (Deep 2007). Rosenbrock, the fourth function, is highly non-linear and defined as:…”