A new HLA‐A Allele, HLA‐A*6824, identified in three unrelated individuals*

Davey, Sue; Carter, V; Goodman, Reyna S.; Day, S.; Brown, Colin J.; Morris, J. W.; Key, Tim; Bendukidze, Nina; Dunn, P. P. J.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.2005.00399.x

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Until these databases are more populated with alleles from different populations and with confirmatory sequences, it is difficult to assess how rare an allele is. An HLA‐A*68 allele, A*68:24, was first described in 2005 and was found in three unrelated individuals characterized by three different HLA typing laboratories (Davey et al. , 2005) all within 3 months.…”

Section: The Problem Of New Hla Allelesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human leucocyte antigen typing: techniques and technology, a critical appraisal

Dunn¹

2011

Int J Immunogenetics

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Methods for the identification of Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) have changed significantly since this group of polymorphic proteins were first characterized by serological reagents in the 1960s and 1970s. The invention and development of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) has been key in the progress of methods for HLA genotyping. As the complexity of HLA polymorphism has unravelled so it has exposed the weaknesses in techniques such as PCR - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) and Reference Strand Mediated Conformation Analysis (RSCA), which are no longer in use today. Methods which have been considered routine laboratory tools in recent years, such as Sequence-Specific Primer - PCR and Sequencing Based Typing (SBT) are now also threatened with extinction, not only because of the depth of HLA variation but also because of the rapid development of Next Generation Sequencing and technologies which will follow this. This review describes the merits and disadvantages of current technologies available to HLA Typing laboratories, future trends and the problems posed by new alleles.

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Section: The Problem Of New Hla Allelesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human leucocyte antigen typing: techniques and technology, a critical appraisal

Dunn¹

2011

Int J Immunogenetics

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“…Determination of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II alleles at the high resolution level and the calculation of haplotype frequencies can provide valuable information for bone marrow donor search centres and the forensic medicine as well as advance the research in anthropology/HLA‐diversity and HLA‐associated diseases (2). Recent findings of unknown alleles in several individuals – as in the case of B*1565 (3), A*6824 (4) and B*5518 (5) – point at the possibility that there are still unknown sequence variants which are not perforce ‘rare’ ones. At least within defined areas and populations specific sequence variants seem to be represented in a greater number than expected.…”

Section: Primers Used For Amplification and Sequencing Of Intronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a novel HLA‐B44 variant (B4441) in three unrelated Caucasian individuals

Hoelsch

Knabe

et al. 2006

Tissue Antigens

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Here, we report the identification of a new human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*44 allele found almost simultaneous in three DNA samples which were part of routine bone marrow donor typing by order of the German registry 'Aktion Knochenmarkspende Bayern'. The samples appeared noticeable in different polymerase chain reactions using sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) or sequence-specific oligonucleotides (PCR-SSO). Sequence-based typing revealed a novel allele officially designated as B*4441*. This sequence differs from HLA-B*44020101/4427 by two nucleotide positions at the beginning of exon 3: by position 353 (T to C) and by position 355 (A to C). These differences in sequence result in deviant amino acids at codon 94 (Ile94Thr) and codon 95 (Ile95Leu).

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“…In HLA‐A too, the sequence‐motive AAG is widely conserved, except for A*6824, where the AGG substitution creates a lysine to arginine exchange. But this amino acid substitution is conservative, as both amino acids are positively charged (3). This underlines the need for a stable lysine or almost a positively charged amino acid at codon 68 in class I HLA‐antigens.…”

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confidence: 99%