A New Generation of Surface Active Carbon Textiles As Reactive Adsorbents of Indoor Formaldehyde

Abstract

Highly porous carbon textiles were modified by impregnation with urea, thiourea, dicyandiamide, or penicillin G, followed by heat treatment at 800 °C. This resulted in an incorporation of nitrogen or nitrogen and sulfur heteroatoms in various configurations to the carbon surface. The volume of pores and, especially, ultramicropores was also affected to various extents. The modified textiles were then used as adsorbents of formaldehyde (1 ppmv) in dynamic conditions. The modifications applied significantly improved the adsorptive performance. For the majority of samples, formaldehyde adsorption resulted in a decrease in the volume of ultramicropores. The enhancement in the adsorption was linked not only to the physical adsorption of formaldehyde in small pores but also to its reactivity with sulfonic groups and amines present on the surface. Water on the surface and in challenge gas decreased the adsorptive performance owing to the competition with formaldehyde for polar centers. The results collected show that the S- and N-modified textiles can work as efficient media for indoor formaldehyde removal.

Tailoring Surface Chemistry of Sugar-Derived Ordered Mesoporous Carbons towards Efficient Removal of Diclofenac from Aquatic Environments

“…Initially, CMK-3 was impregnated with the N-rich precursor (dicyandiamide) or N-/S-rich one (thiourea), followed by pyrolysis under inert gas atmosphere. These modification procedures have been recently reported by us to modify activated carbon fiber textiles which are typical microporous material [30,31]. As we showed, the properties of the modified microporous textiles were significantly altered.…”

“…In the case of T-CMK carbon, the deconvolution of N 1s and S 2p's core energy levels resulted in the appearance of three or two signals, respectively. The most intensive component of N 1s core energy level located at 398.7 eV was assigned to pyridinic nitrogen and/or imine [30]. Two other components of N 1s core energy level located at 400.1 eV and 401.5 eV corresponded to pyrrolic nitrogen/amine and quaternary nitrogen, respectively.…”

“…Dicyandiamide treatment (sample D-CMK) resulted in higher micropore and The third obtained sample was received following a wet oxidation treatment with H 2 O 2 . The former two treatments were previously applied to the nanoporous carbon textiles [30,31], while the third one is a classic wet-oxidation modification process.…”

“…It should be noted at this point that the acidity/basicity balance of carbons was not only related to the presence of more or less acidic surface oxygen functionalities but also to the delocalized π-electrons in polyaromatic/graphene domains, which had a basic character, i.e., protons were Figure S8). Their presence testifies to the abundance of different oxygen species on the surface, albeit with different relative shares [30]. The two most important observations coming from the analysis of deconvoluted O 1s core energy level were: (1) H-CMK exhibited significant contributions of all types of oxygen species, with the most prominent presence of strongly acidic carboxy groups, and (2) D-CMK and T-CMK had no strongly acidic carboxy groups but contained almost entirely weakly acidic phenols and basic ether groups.…”

Facile synthesis of In2O3 nanoparticles with high response to formaldehyde at low temperature

“…Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a highly toxic and cancerogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) while it is used widely in manufacture and building decoration materials . These materials could release formaldehyde vapor into the air .…”