A new generation of energy storage electrode materials constructed from carbon dots

Abstract

This review summarizes the recent progress in the design and preparation of multiple electrochemical energy storage devices utilizing carbon dots, and elaborates the positive effects of carbon dots on the resulting electrodes and devices.

Defects in Hard Carbon: Where Are They Located and How Does the Location Affect Alkaline Metal Storage?

“…From experimental evidence, oxygen heteroatoms are beneficial for improving the wettability of HC, and oxygen defects can enhance metal adsorption. [ 1,7,39,62–65 ]…”

“…These results accord well with the experimental observations, describing an increased defect concentration at the edge sites, along with the observed instability to oxidation that is well‐known for HC materials. [ 1,7,39,62,69 ] The results presented here allow an understanding of the relative defect concentrations between the bulk and the surface to be understood, along with absolute defect concentrations and defect probability distributions in the case of samples that have reached thermodynamic equilibrium (or that it is a reasonable assumption to make). Hence, it is of importance to not only consider defects on planar motifs (such as graphene and the basal plane as we have considered previously) but also on curved morphologies and surfaces to optimize material performance.…”

Carbon Dots in Porous Materials: Host–Guest Synergy for Enhanced Performance

“…CDs as conductive additive or negative charge center have been exploited to construct porous electrode materials of both LIBs and SIBs,a nd improve the battery performance. [48] Fori nstance,C Ds pillared graphene blocks with 3D stacked structure were designed as anode electrode material for SIBs. [39a] Investigations showed that the embedded edge-nitrogen-rich CDs promoted the Na + adsorption capacity of graphene oxide blocks by increasing negative electron densities,r esulting in the ultrahigh Na + capacities.O nt he other hand, alkaline aqueous batteries have drawn increasing attention due to the…”

“…Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium ion batteries (SIBs) with merits of high theoretical capacity and fast response are regarded as one of the best electrochemical energy storage devices at present. CDs as conductive additive or negative charge center have been exploited to construct porous electrode materials of both LIBs and SIBs, and improve the battery performance . For instance, CDs pillared graphene blocks with 3D stacked structure were designed as anode electrode material for SIBs .…”

Modulating charge carriers in carbon dots toward efficient solar‐to‐energy conversion

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Owing to these advantages, CDs can be applied in bioimaging, 7,8 biosensing, 9-11 drug delivery, [12][13][14][15] phototherapy, [16][17][18] and light-harvesting applications in energy transducers. [19][20][21] Moreover, the facile and mild synthetic nature of CDs using various combinations of carbon precursors and other molecular agents can provide easy access to the formation of sp 2 -hybridized carbonaceous core of CDs, with an amorphous shell rich in surface functional groups containing oxygen and nitrogen. These surface functional moieties can be potentially functionalized with other organic molecules on the CD surface, allowing the control of photoluminescence (PL)…”