A new fossil record of Palaeosinomenium (Menispermaceae) from the Upper Eocene in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and its biogeographic and paleoenvironmental implications

Wu, Mengna; Huang, Jianguo; Manchester, Steven R.; Tang, He; Gao, Yi; Wang, Teng‐Xiang; Zhou, Zhang; Su, Tao

doi:10.1016/j.revpalbo.2022.104827

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Endocarps assigned to Palaeosinomenium are found exclusively in the Eocene of Europe, China, and North America (Chandler, 1925(Chandler, , 1961a(Chandler, , 1961b(Chandler, , 1962(Chandler, , 1963(Chandler, , 1964Manchester, 1994;Manchester et al, 2005;Collinson et al, 2012;Wu et al, 2023). Older horseshoe-shaped fossils are found in the Paleocene of North and South America (Herrera et al, 2011), as well as in China (Han et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, based on the external ornamentation (including the number of transverse ridges), the Rivecourt fossils could be part of the diagnosis of Palaeosinomenium despite the differences in their obliquity. Fossils assigned to Palaeosinomenium are highly spread in the Eocene and have been found in North America (Manchester, 1994), Europe (Chandler, 1925(Chandler, , 1961a(Chandler, , 1961b(Chandler, , 1963Jacques & De Franceschi, 2005;Collinson et al, 2012), and China (Manchester et al, 2005;Wu et al, 2023), while fossils belonging to Sinomenium are found from the Eocene to Pliocene of Europe (Manchester et al, 2009). Unfortunately, the preservation of these fossils is different, and information on the internal morphology is not yet accessible.…”

Section: Genusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fossil endocarps of Menispermaceae from the late Paleocene of Paris Basin, France

Kara,

Bardin,

De Franceschi

et al. 2023

J of Sytematics Evolution

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Menispermaceae are an angiosperm family of mostly climbing plants distributed throughout tropical regions. The fruits in this family have a strong sclerified endocarp and can be used for reliable species‐level identifications, even in a fossilized form. New Paleocene‐age menispermaceous endocarps have recently been discovered in South America and Asia, while in Europe, they are mostly found in the Eocene. This paper focuses on the study of fossil endocarps belonging to Menispermaceae, found in the Petit‐Pâtis locality, which is one of the few Paleocene localities in Europe. The locality is dated to the late Paleocene (57–56 Ma) and the fossils represent flora and fauna in the Paris Basin before the onset of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. Lignitized fossils were photographed and their morphology was analyzed using computed tomography, scanning electron microscope, and geometric morphometric analysis. The analysis of 36 fossils belonging to Menispermaceae revealed that three genera (Stephania, Palaeosinomenium, Tinospora) were present in the late Paleocene of Paris Basin. Differences in internal morphology and a more inflated endocarp base led to a description of a new fossil species—Palaeosinomenium oisensis sp. nov. The occurrence of these genera in the Paleocene of France is consistent with the suggestion that megathermal flora was present in the Paris Basin before the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum. These three genera are currently the oldest occurrences in Europe, highlighting the connection between paleofloras of the Americas, Europe, and Asia in the Paleocene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fossil endocarps of Menispermaceae from the late Paleocene of Paris Basin, France

Kara,

Bardin,

De Franceschi

et al. 2023

J of Sytematics Evolution

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Paleogene integrative stratigraphy, biotas, and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

Liu,

Song,

Ding

et al. 2024

Sci. China Earth Sci.

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The Progressive Co-evolutionary Development of the Pan-Tibetan Highlands, the Asian Monsoon system and Asian Biodiversity

Spicer,

Farnsworth,

et al. 2024

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Within the ongoing controversy regarding the orogeny of the Tibetan Plateau region, two directly-conflicting endmember frameworks have emerged, where either: 1) a high central ‘proto-plateau’ existed prior to the onset of India-Asia continental collision, or 2) the early Paleogene central Tibet comprised a wide E-W oriented lowland ∼1-2 km above sea level, bounded by high (> 4.5 km) mountain systems. Reconstructing plateau development correctly is fundamental to running realistic Earth system models that explore monsoon and biodiversity evolution in the region. Understanding the interplay between monsoon dynamics, landscape and biodiversity are critical for future resource management. We explore the strengths and weaknesses of different palaeoaltimetric methodologies as applied across the Tibetan region. Combining methodologies, appreciating the vulnerabilities arising from their underlying assumptions and testing them using numerical climate models, produces consilience (agreement) allowing further refinement of both models and proxies. We argue that an east-west oriented Paleogene Central Tibetan Valley was a cradle and conduit for thermophilic biota seeding the modern regional biodiversity. The rise of eastern Tibet intensified regional rainfall and erosion, which increased topographic relief and biodiversification. Gradual monsoon development reflected the evolving topography, but modern-like Asian monsoons developed only after a plateau formed in the Miocene.

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A new fossil record of Palaeosinomenium (Menispermaceae) from the Upper Eocene in the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and its biogeographic and paleoenvironmental implications

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Fossil endocarps of Menispermaceae from the late Paleocene of Paris Basin, France

Fossil endocarps of Menispermaceae from the late Paleocene of Paris Basin, France

Paleogene integrative stratigraphy, biotas, and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

The Progressive Co-evolutionary Development of the Pan-Tibetan Highlands, the Asian Monsoon system and Asian Biodiversity

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