A New Focus on Assessing and Treating Asthma Control in the African-American Community: A Call to Action

LeNoir, Michael A.; McGill, Cheryl Lynn Walker; Graham, LeRoy M.; Foggs, Michael B.; Robinson, Sandra; Crim, Courtney; Stempel, David A.

doi:10.1016/s0027-9684(15)30098-5

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Approximately 15 million Americans are affected, with ~5,500 deaths attributed to complications [25]. Hospitalizations for asthma are 2–3 times higher for African Americans compared to other ethnic groups [25,26]. GWAS exploring the genetic basis of this multifactorial disease in African ancestry populations have identified several associated genes (Table 1).…”

Section: Notable Discoveries From Gwas In African American and Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Association Studies in Africans and African Americans: Expanding the Framework of the Genomics of Human Traits and Disease

Peprah

Tekola‐Ayele

et al. 2014

Public Health Genomics

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Genomic research is one of the tools for elucidating the pathogenesis of diseases of global health relevance and paving the research dimension to clinical and public health translation. Recent advances in genomic research and technologies have increased our understanding of human diseases, genes associated with these disorders, and the relevant mechanisms. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have proliferated since the first studies were published several years ago and have become an important tool in helping researchers comprehend human variation and the role genetic variants play in disease. However, the need to expand the diversity of populations in GWAS has become increasingly apparent as new knowledge is gained about genetic variation. Inclusion of diverse populations in genomic studies is critical to a more complete understanding of human variation and elucidation of the underpinnings of complex diseases. In this review, we summarize the available data on GWAS in recent African ancestry populations within the western hemisphere (i.e. African Americans and peoples of the Caribbean) and continental African populations. Furthermore, we highlight ways in which genomic studies in populations of recent African ancestry have led to advances in the areas of malaria, HIV, prostate cancer, and other diseases. Finally, we discuss the advantages of conducting GWAS in recent African ancestry populations in the context of addressing existing and emerging global health conditions.

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Section: Notable Discoveries From Gwas In African American and Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-Wide Association Studies in Africans and African Americans: Expanding the Framework of the Genomics of Human Traits and Disease

Peprah

Tekola‐Ayele

et al. 2014

Public Health Genomics

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“…Asthma is a complex NCD that significantly affects both the young and old [52]. In the countries in which asthma has be explored, many have reported that hospitalizations for asthma are 2–3 times higher for African and African ancestry populations compared to other ethnic groups [52,53]. GWAS exploring the genetic basis of disease in African ancestry populations have identified several genes associated with asthma susceptibility (Table 2).…”

Section: Non-communicable Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomedical research, a tool to address the health issues that affect African populations

Peprah

Wonkam

2013

Globalization and Health

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Traditionally, biomedical research endeavors in low to middle resources countries have focused on communicable diseases. However, data collected over the past 20 years by the World Health Organization (WHO) show a significant increase in the number of people suffering from non-communicable diseases (e.g. heart disease, diabetes, cancer and pulmonary diseases). Within the coming years, WHO predicts significant decreases in communicable diseases while non-communicable diseases are expected to double in low and middle income countries in sub-Saharan Africa. The predicted increase in the non-communicable diseases population could be economically burdensome for the basic healthcare infrastructure of countries that lack resources to address this emerging disease burden. Biomedical research could stimulate development of healthcare and biomedical infrastructure. If this development is sustainable, it provides an opportunity to alleviate the burden of both communicable and non-communicable diseases through diagnosis, prevention and treatment. In this paper, we discuss how research using biomedical technology, especially genomics, has produced data that enhances the understanding and treatment of both communicable and non-communicable diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. We further discuss how scientific development can provide opportunities to pursue research areas responsive to the African populations. We limit our discussion to biomedical research in the areas of genomics due to its substantial impact on the scientific community in recent years however, we also recognize that targeted investments in other scientific disciplines could also foster further development in African countries.

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“…Accordingly, a comparable prevalence of asthma was found in urban and rural populations of African Americans teenagers[7]. African Americans have higher rates of asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality in comparison with other racial groups in America[8–10]. It has been suggested that this racial disparity cannot be explained solely by socioeconomic or environmental factors with black race being reported as an independent risk factor for asthma[11, 12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endotypes of difficult-to-control asthma in inner-city African American children

et al. 2017

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African Americans have higher rates of asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality in comparison with other racial groups. We sought to characterize endotypes of childhood asthma severity in African American patients in an inner-city pediatric asthma population. Baseline blood neutrophils, blood eosinophils, and 38 serum cytokine levels were measured in a sample of 235 asthmatic children (6–17 years) enrolled in the NIAID (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)-sponsored Asthma Phenotypes in the Inner City (APIC) study (ICAC (Inner City Asthma Consortium)-19). Cytokines were quantified using a MILLIPLEX panel and analyzed on a Luminex analyzer. Patients were classified as Easy-to-Control or Difficult-to-Control based on the required dose of controller medications over one year of prospective management. A multivariate variable selection procedure was used to select cytokines associated with Difficult-to-Control versus Easy-to-Control asthma, adjusting for age, sex, blood eosinophils, and blood neutrophils. In inner-city African American children, 12 cytokines were significant predictors of Difficult-to-Control asthma (n = 235). CXCL-1, IL-5, IL-8, and IL-17A were positively associated with Difficult-to-Control asthma, while IL-4 and IL-13 were positively associated with Easy-to-Control asthma. Using likelihood ratio testing, it was observed that in addition to blood eosinophils and neutrophils, serum cytokines improved the fit of the model. In an inner-city pediatric population, serum cytokines significantly contributed to the definition of Difficult-to-Control asthma endotypes in African American children. Mixed responses characterized by TH2 (IL-5) and TH17-associated cytokines were associated with Difficult-to-Control asthma. Collectively, these data may contribute to risk stratification of Difficult-to-Control asthma in the African American population.

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A New Focus on Assessing and Treating Asthma Control in the African-American Community: A Call to Action

Cited by 5 publications

References 99 publications

Genome-Wide Association Studies in Africans and African Americans: Expanding the Framework of the Genomics of Human Traits and Disease

Genome-Wide Association Studies in Africans and African Americans: Expanding the Framework of the Genomics of Human Traits and Disease

Biomedical research, a tool to address the health issues that affect African populations

Endotypes of difficult-to-control asthma in inner-city African American children

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