A New Flame Jet Concept to Improve the Inflammation of Lean Burn Mixtures in SI Engines

Kettner, Maurice; Rothe, Markus; Velji, Amin; Spicher, Ulrich; Kuhnert, Dieter; Latsch, Reinhard

doi:10.4271/2005-01-3688

Cited by 35 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This resulted in distributed ignition sites in the main chamber, far from the prechamber itself, as evidenced by combined laser sheet tomography and direct visualization. Kettner et al [288] at the University of Karlsruhe with Kuhnert and Latsch of Multitorch published on a passive prechamber spark plug where a rich mixture was introduced from a small bowl in the piston into the prechamber late in the compression stroke. This was known as the BPI concept.…”

Section: Oi Ron Ksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knock: A Century of Research

Corrigan¹,

Fontanesi²

2021

SAE Int. J. Engines

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Knock is one of the main limitations on increasing spark-ignition (SI) engine efficiency. This has been known for at least 100 years, and it is still the case today. Knock occurs when conditions ahead of the flame front in an SI engine result in one or more autoignition events in the end gas. The autoignition reaction rate is typically much higher than that of the flame-front propagation. This may lead to the creation of pressure waves in the combustion chamber and, hence, an undesirable noise that gives knock its name. The resulting increased mechanical and thermal loading on engine components may eventually lead to engine failure. Reducing the compression ratio lowers end-gas temperatures and pressures, reducing end-gas reactivity and, hence, mitigating knock. However, this has a detrimental effect on engine efficiency.Automotive companies must significantly reduce their fleet carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) values in the coming years to meet targets resulting from the 2015 Paris Agreement. One path towards meeting these is through partial or full electrification of the powertrain. However, the vast majority of automobiles in the near future will still feature a gasoline-fueled SI engine; hence, improvements in combustion engine efficiency remain fundamental.As knock has been a key limitation for so long, there is a huge amount of literature on the subject. A number of reviews on knock have already been published, including in recent years. These generally concentrate on current understanding and status. The present work, in contrast, aims to track the progress of research on knock from the 1920s right through to the present day. It is hoped that this can be a useful reference for new and existing researchers of the subject and give further weight to occasionally neglected historical activity, which can still provide important insights today.

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Section: Oi Ron Ksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knock: A Century of Research

Corrigan¹,

Fontanesi²

2021

SAE Int. J. Engines

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“…However, passive prechambers were found to be unstable in PFI fuel-lean engines [13]. For this reason, direct injection technologies have been investigated in the Literature [18][19][20][21][22][23]. The fuel stratification that can be achieved by means of dedicated injection strategies [21,23] or unconventional piston bowls [18][19][20] allowed to reduce further the equivalence ratio in the cylinder without worsening cycle-to-cycle variation, thus lowering the fuel consumption [19,20,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Jet ignition in small two-stroke engines: an experimental survey on benefits and challenges

et al. 2021

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Increasingly stringent policy on carbon dioxide have proved to be a severe constraint on the design of light two-stroke (2S) engines. The enhancement of efficiency is claimed to be the main target to make these devices compliant with future regulations. Low-Pressure Direct Injection (LPDI) was found to be effective in the reduction of fuel short circuit, thus improving efficiency and mitigating pollution. Innovative combustion technologies are required to exploit further the fuel potential. Jet Ignition (JI), i.e., ignition provided by means of hot turbulent jets, was found to improve the fuel ignition process, leading to a faster and more uniform combustion. Several benefits are shown in over forty years of Literature, from the higher performance to wider flammability limits. However, few studies have been performed on small 2S engines, for which only full-load data are available. This paper aims at experimentally evaluating benefits and challenges of adopting the JI technology on light 2S LPDI engines at both full- and low- load operation. Different configurations of passive prechambers have been investigated in terms of indicated cycle, brake efficiency and cycle-to-cycle variation. A sensitivity analysis on the spark timing was performed to fine-tune the combustion process. Results show the adequacy of the JI for use in devices operating close to full torque, like garden tools; however, issues related to the excessive amount of residual gas or to the rapid pressure decrease during the expansion phase were highlighted. Different solutions for solving these challenges are proposed.

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“…The intake valve as a single plate and inflicted the swirl intensity and the intake angle as boundary conditions. The overall in-cylinder tumble flows are much dependent on the crank angle positions irrespective of engine speed [17][18][19].Rajendran et al Analyzed the result of volumetric efficiency depends upon the position of throttle plate such as double throttle plate angle 60˚ is identically equal to 66.12%, 75˚ is identically equal to 71.33% and 76˚ is identically equal to 67.76 %. [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experiment and Investigation in Reducing Emission from an IC Engine by using Inlet Helical Roller

Rajendran¹,

Ganesan²,

Sakthivel³

et al. 2021

JUSST

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This research paper reports that in-cylinder flow formation in a combustion engine has a major influence on the combustion, emission and performance characteristics. Air and fuel enters the combustion chamber of an engine throughout the intake manifold with high velocity. So, it introduces a helical roller in the path of inlet stream of mixture. It achieved the swirl by using a component that could be easily integrated into any existing engines at low engine speed. The performance of the engine increases and completes the combustion, leads to reduced emissions and small change in volumetric efficiency. It is also proved that increased swirl movement introduces helical roller that helps the flame spread which used into constant heat transfer rate. This suggests to a new combustion technique that should be developed to yield improved primary combustion processes in-side the engine with significantly reduced exhaust gas emissions.

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A New Flame Jet Concept to Improve the Inflammation of Lean Burn Mixtures in SI Engines

Cited by 35 publications

References 9 publications

Knock: A Century of Research

Knock: A Century of Research

Jet ignition in small two-stroke engines: an experimental survey on benefits and challenges

Experiment and Investigation in Reducing Emission from an IC Engine by using Inlet Helical Roller

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