A new family of liquid and solid guanidine-based n-type dopants for solution-processed perovskite solar cells

Nakayama, Hidenori; Schneider, Julia; Faust, Mina; Wang, Hengbin; Alaniz, Javier Read de; Chabinyc, Michael L.

doi:10.1039/d0qm00437e

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…DBU was introduced in different organic semiconducting electron transporting layers (ETLs) for perovskite solar cells, where it was found to have a strong doping effect due to its electron-donating ability . More recently, several bicyclic guanidine-type structures, based on the superbase 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD), have been reported as a readily prepared class of nonvolatile dopants with high thermal stability, as demonstrated through the doping of PCBM-based ETLs in perovskite solar cells …”

Section: Molecular Doping Of Organic Semiconductorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…262 More recently, several bicyclic guanidine-type structures, based on the superbase 1,5,7triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD), have been reported as a readily prepared class of nonvolatile dopants with high thermal stability, as demonstrated through the doping of PCBM-based ETLs in perovskite solar cells. 263 Furthermore, electron-rich amines based on diquat (DQ) and benzyl viologen (BV) have recently been investigated. DQ was found to be effective for doping in ternary blends for bulk heterojunction OPV applications, leading to an improvement in OPV device efficiency.…”

Section: Dopant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors

et al. 2021

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Electronic doping in organic materials has remained an elusive concept for several decades. It drew considerable attention in the early days in the quest for organic materials with high electrical conductivity, paving the way for the pioneering work on pristine organic semiconductors (OSCs) and their eventual use in a plethora of applications. Despite this early trend, however, recent strides in the field of organic electronics have been made hand in hand with the development and use of dopants to the point that are now ubiquitous. Here, we give an overview of all important advances in the area of doping of organic semiconductors and their applications. We first review the relevant literature with particular focus on the physical processes involved, discussing established mechanisms but also newly proposed theories. We then continue with a comprehensive summary of the most widely studied dopants to date, placing particular emphasis on the chemical strategies toward the synthesis of molecules with improved functionality. The processing routes toward doped organic films and the important doping−processing−nanostructure relationships, are also discussed. We conclude the review by highlighting how doping can enhance the operating characteristics of various organic devices.

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Section: Molecular Doping Of Organic Semiconductorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dopant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors

et al. 2021

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“…Upon doping with 1 wt.% CO 2 ‐DMI, only two broad peaks remain, indicating an amorphous structure, while some crystalline features still remain upon doping with 1 wt.% CO 2 ‐DMBI. [ 74 ] These features finally disappear at 10 wt.%. Likewise, pristine O‐IDTBR exhibits crystalline features, again in agreement with previously reported diffractograms.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Generation of n‐Type Dopants by Thermal Decarboxylation

Aniés

Nugraha

Fall

et al. 2023

Adv Funct Materials

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Molecular doping is a powerful and increasingly popular approach toward enhancing electronic properties of organic semiconductors (OSCs) past their intrinsic limits. The development of n-type dopants has been hampered, however, by their poor stability and high air-reactivity, a consequence of their generally electron rich nature. Here, the use of air-stable carboxylated dopant precursors is reported to overcome this challenge. Active dopants are readily generated in solution by thermal decarboxylation and applied in n-type organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Both 1,3-dimethylimidazolium-2-carboxylate (CO 2 -DMI) and novel dopant 1,3-dimethylbenzimidazolium-2carboxy late (CO 2 -DMBI) are applied to n-type OFETs employing well-known organic semiconductors (OSCs) P(NDI2OD-T2), PCBM, and O-IDTBR. Successful improvement of performance in all devices demonstrates the versatility of the dopants across a variety of OSCs. Experimental and computational studies indicate that electron transfer from the dopant to the host OSC is preceded by decarboxylation of the precursor, followed by dimerization to form the active dopant species. Transistor studies highlight CO 2 -DMBI as the most effective dopant, improving electron mobility by up to one order of magnitude, while CO 2 -DMI holds the advantage of commercial availability.

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A new family of liquid and solid guanidine-based n-type dopants for solution-processed perovskite solar cells

Abstract: We present a series of new dopants based on a bicyclcic guanidine-type structure, 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD), for organic semiconductors. A series of TBD derivatives that were alkylated at the 7-position were...

Cited by 2 publications

References 48 publications

Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors

Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors

In Situ Generation of n‐Type Dopants by Thermal Decarboxylation

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