A new extraction system for the Linac4 H−ion source

Midttun, Ø.; Kalvas, Taneli; Kronberger, M.; Lettry, J.; Pereira, H.; Schmitzer, C.; Scrivens, R.

doi:10.1063/1.3670344

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…As reported in [5], the electron dumping at 45 keV beam energy caused sublimation of the dump material resulting in high voltage breakdowns in the source. The simulation of that extraction configuration showed a peak electron beam power density of 3.0 kW/mm 2 in the cup.…”

Section: Electron Beam Power Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For all simulations described in this paper, a set of plasma parameters which previously have shown good agreement between simulations and measurements [5], has been chosen and kept constant. The most important are the transverse temperature (T t = 0.5 eV) and the initial energy (E 0 = 5.0 eV) of ions and electrons.…”

Section: Initial Conditions For Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both systems were designed and optimized with the simulation code IBSimu. A decision was made to construct a new extraction system where the electrons are dumped in a magnetized Einzel lens, lowering the electron beam energy in the dump and at the same time focusing the H − beam [5]. The source will in addition use pulsed high voltage power supplies to avoid breakdowns occurring in between beam pulses and to reduce damage from sparks with the 2 µF capacitively backed DC high voltage system that was previously used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A magnetized Einzel lens electron dump for the Linac4 H− ion source

Midttun

Kalvas

Kronberger

et al. 2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Linac4 is a 160 MeV linear accelerator which will inject negative hydrogen ions (H−) into CERN's Proton Synchrotron Booster, a required upgrade to improve the beam brightness in the LHC injector chain. A volume production RF ion source, based on the design of the DESY RF source was implemented, but showed considerable electron dump ablation during operation at 45 keV beam energy. To reduce the electron beam power density in the dump, a magnetized Einzel lens is designed that reduces the beam energy to 10 keV before permanentmagnets dump the electrons on a tungsten surface. Presented in this paper are simulations of the design using IBSimu, the tunable range of parameters depending on the extracted H− and electron current, as well as details of the implementation, the choice of pulsed power converters and the electrode alignment system. In addition, simulations of proton extraction from this source will be shown. Abstract. Linac4 is a 160 MeV linear accelerator which will inject negative hydrogen ions (H − ) into CERN's Proton Synchrotron Booster, a required upgrade to improve the beam brightness in the LHC injector chain. A volume production RF ion source, based on the design of the DESY RF source was implemented, but showed considerable electron dump ablation during operation at 45 keV beam energy. To reduce the electron beam power density in the dump, a magnetized Einzel lens is designed that reduces the beam energy to 10 keV before permanent magnets dump the electrons on a tungsten surface. Presented in this paper are simulations of the design using IBSimu, the tunable range of parameters depending on the extracted H − and electron current, as well as details of the implementation, the choice of pulsed power converters and the electrode alignment system. In addition, simulations of proton extraction from this source will be shown. Presented at (NIBS

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Section: Electron Beam Power Densitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Initial Conditions For Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A magnetized Einzel lens electron dump for the Linac4 H− ion source

Midttun

Kalvas

Kronberger

et al. 2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…[2][3][4] At the present stage of the ion source development program, the extraction system is designed for a maximum H − beam current of 30 mA with an electron to H − (e/H − ) ratio of 50.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements of Linac4 H− ion source beam with a magnetized Einzel lens electron dump

Midttun

Lettry

Scrivens

2013

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Linac4 is a part of the upgrade of CERN's accelerator complex for increased luminosity in the LHC. A new system to extract the ion beam from the plasma generator has been designed and tested, in order to improve the reliability and beam optics of the pulsed H -ion source. This paper presents the successfully implemented extraction system and three different beam measurements. The simulations compare well to the measurements and show that the plasma density was too low for the extraction system design during the measurements. Linac4 is a part of the upgrade of CERN's accelerator complex for increased luminosity in the LHC. A new system to extract the ion beam from the plasma generator has been designed and tested, in order to improve the reliability and beam optics of the pulsed H − ion source. This paper presents the successfully implemented extraction system and three different beam measurements. The simulations compare well to the measurements and show that the plasma density was too low for the extraction system design during the measurements.

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“…It is followed by an Einzel lens dedicated to the tuning of the beam divergence that can be operated in acceleration or deceleration mode. Combined new extraction [16] and Einzel lens electron dump designed for minimizing the e-beam power density from the volume source [17] reduced the surface power density by two orders of magnitude.…”

Section: Beam Formation Beam Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

H− ion sources for CERN's Linac4

Lettry

Aguglia

Coutron

et al. 2013

AIP Conference Proceedings

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The specifications set to the Linac4 ion source are: H-ion pulses of 0.5 ms duration, 80 mA intensity and 45 keV energy within a normalized emittance of 0.25 mmmrad RMS at a repetition rate of 2 Hz. In 2010, during the commissioning of a prototype based on H-production from the plasma volume, it was observed that the powerful co-extracted electron beam inherent to this type of ion source could destroy its electron beam dump well before reaching nominal parameters. However, the same source was able to provide 80 mA of protons mixed with a small fraction of H2+ and H3+ molecular ions. The commissioning of the radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (RFQ), beam chopper and H-beam diagnostics of the Linac4 are scheduled for 2012 and its final installation in the underground building is to start in 2013. Therefore, a crash program was launched in 2010 and reviewed in 2011 aiming at keeping the original Linac4 schedule with the following deliverables: Design and production of a volume ion source prototype suitable for 20-30 mA H-and 80 mA proton pulses at 45 keV by mid-2012. This first prototype will be dedicated to the commissioning of the low energy components of the Linac4. Design and production of a second prototype suitable for 40-50 mA H-based on an external RF solenoid plasma heating and cesiated-surface production mechanism in 2013 and a third prototype based on BNL's Magnetron aiming at reliable 2 Hz and 80 mA H-operations in 2014. In order to ease the future maintenance and allow operation with Ion sources based on three different production principles, an ion source "front end" providing alignment features, pulsed gas injection, pumping units, beam tuning capabilities and pulsed bipolar high voltage acceleration was designed and is being produced. This paper describes the progress of the Linac4 ion source program, the design of the Front end and first ion source prototype. Preliminary results of the summer 2012 commissioning are presented. The outlook on the future prototype ion sources is sketched. Abstract. The specifications set to the Linac4 ion source are: H -ion pulses of 0.5 ms duration, 80 mA intensity and 45 keV energy within a normalized emittance of 0.25 mmmrad RMS at a repetition rate of 2 Hz. In 2010, during the commissioning of a prototype based on H -production from the plasma volume, it was observed that the powerful co-extracted electron beam inherent to this type of ion source could destroy its electron beam dump well before reaching nominal parameters. However, the same source was able to provide 80 mA of protons mixed with a small fraction of H 2 + and H 3 + molecular ions. The commissioning of the radio frequency quadrupole accelerator (RFQ), beam chopper and H -beam diagnostics of the Linac4 are scheduled for 2012 and its final installation in the underground building is to start in 2013. Therefore, a crash program was launched in 2010 and reviewed in 2011 aiming at keeping the original Linac4 schedule with the following deliverables: Design and production of a volume ion source prototy...

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A new extraction system for the Linac4 H−ion source

Cited by 14 publications

References 54 publications

A magnetized Einzel lens electron dump for the Linac4 H− ion source

A magnetized Einzel lens electron dump for the Linac4 H− ion source

Measurements of Linac4 H− ion source beam with a magnetized Einzel lens electron dump

H− ion sources for CERN's Linac4

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