A new electrostatic precipitator

Penney, G. W.

doi:10.1109/ee.1937.6540096

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Our observations of appreciable ozone production in the vicinity of sharp conductors during the emission of point discharge support the earlier studies by Cauer [1951] and others with the additional finding of a polarity dependence. The enhanced production of ozone during the emission of negative point discharge beneath thunderclouds appears to be an extension into the open atmosphere of the long-known polarity sensitivity of ozone production in electrostatic precipitators [Penney, 1937]. From laboratory measurements with some metal electrodes Pegg [1948] reported that the concentration of ozone produced in negative point discharge is about eight times that for positive point discharge.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone and point discharge measurements under thunderclouds

Shlanta¹,

Moore²

1972

J. Geophys. Res.

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Short duration increases in the concentration of atmospheric ozone have been observed beneath active New Mexican thunderstorms in the vicinity of an exposed and grounded sharp metal rod. These ozone transients immediately follow the emission of charge into the air from the metal point under the influence of atmospheric electricity. The increases are greater when they are associated with negative charge emission than when they are associated with positive; the maximum ozone concentration above lightning‐induced emission of negative charge has been about 6.4 times that of the fine weather concentration (about six ozone molecules per hundred million air molecules). Longer duration increases in the atmospheric ozone to about 1.5 times the prestorm concentration are found above a collection of natural grass points when overhead clouds are electrified with a net positive charge. Our comparison of the ultraviolet radiation pulses from negative and positive point to plane discharges suggests to us a photochemical explanation for the relatively large production of ozone by negative charge emission. Whereas much of the ozone found aloft appears to have been transported by updrafts from the surface, the concentrations observed in an electrified cloud were greater than those near the earth. We find that ozone is produced by the point discharge from the surfaces of water droplets under intense electric fields; this process may account for some of the ozone observed in thunderclouds.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone and point discharge measurements under thunderclouds

Shlanta¹,

Moore²

1972

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…Nevertheless, the DC voltage is the practical choice in any industrial ESP unit irrespective of their application. 6,7 As in the case of DC voltage, the space-charge would normally accumulate with respect to time and the respective criteria that drives the discharge activity might be different to that of AC voltage, henceforth requires a thorough investigation. Also, the sensitive pattern-based analysis is not possible as the deduced mechanisms and the corresponding methods are inadequate.…”

Section: Diagnostic Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 In this context, significance of ESP, the aspects of tar and strategies to reduce its generation during gasification has received wide attention. 1,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] In addition, there are abundant literatures that focuses on process issues of tar and on pathways at resolving issues related to gasification and gas cleaning efficiency also by applying ESP units. [13][14][15][16] However, the other aspects such as typical behavior of tar under AC and DC voltage and their significant impact on the operating condition of bushings, ESP unit, and so forth, has not received much attention.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such an attempt is desirable since DC voltage is the practical choice in wet ESP units. [4][5][6][7] In all, the aspects of surface discharges arising on the polluted insulators have been under investigation for more than half-a-century. 8 During this, the pertinent focus is to understand the physical, chemical, and structural changes on the insulator caused by the industrial, saline, and acidic contamination and influence of environmental and climatic conditions such as cold, ice, fog, and so forth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quasi‐phase resolved partial discharge pattern analysis of surface discharges arising on the tar polluted porcelain bushing of an electrostatic precipitator unit under high voltage DC

Schröder¹,

Neubauer²,

Schoenemann

et al. 2021

Engineering Reports

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This paper investigates on understanding the DC electrical discharges arising on the surface of feed-through type indoor bushing with tar depositions. Such information not only provides diagnostic status but also characterizes the multitude of species forming tar depositions which is currently unavailable in literatures. The current practice on analyzing surface discharges initiated under DC voltage employs primitive methods that accounts for the individual discharge events over a larger span rendering it less sensitive and time consuming.The usual practice is to count the discharge events initiated under DC voltage as PD pulses and count the events, repetition rates, time of occurrence, and so forth, to estimate the severity of the fault condition. On contrary, synchronizing these discharge pulses to the phase of the AC voltage, input to the rectifier unit, manifests a pattern, which is time independent and is sensitive in revealing diagnostic status of the bushing. These objectives are initially verified on a sample extracted from a tar polluted bushing. A half-wave bridge rectifier that produces an uncontrolled positive and negative DC voltage is selected to initiate surface discharges. Pertinent pulses are then correlated to the phase of the AC voltage input to the rectifier and a quasi-phase resolved partial discharge pattern (QPRPD) is developed. Using this QPRPD pattern, the significance of positive and negative DC voltages applied on the surface of the polluted sample is studied and the inception of discharges events and their correlation to the defect conditions are evaluated. Following this, the pertinent findings are validated on an ‡ Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Philipp Schröder and Dr. Ing. York Neubauer worked at the Institute of Energy Engineering at TU Berlin on the topic presented in this paper within the "EMF project". Both continued their work on high voltage applications in gas cleaning and gas conditioning in the junior research group NWG-TCKON at the same institute.

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“…This paper presents the results of measurements of the water droplet charge/ mass as a function of applied potential, water pressure, nozzle type, and water conductivity. Electrostatically augmented wet scrubbers using electrostatically charged droplets have been reported by Penney, 1 Eyraud et al, 2 Pilat et al, 3 and Lear et al 4 The electrostatic fractional collection efficiency coulombic of a single spherical charged drop for aerosol particles charged to the opposite polarity was reported by Kraemer 5 and Kraemer and Johnstone 6 to be described by eq 1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Droplet Charging for Wet Scrubbers

Pilat

Lukas

2004

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Water droplet charge/mass of wet scrubbers was measured over the direct charging applied potential range of 0-20 kV, 30-70 pounds per square inch gauge (206.8-482.6 kPa) water pressure, and with spiral, impingement, and whirl nozzles. The measured charge/mass ranged from -0.0005 to 0.2 microcoulomb/gm and was directly related to the applied voltage. The water charge/mass was a function of the spray nozzle, with the smaller orifice lower-flow nozzles having the higher charge/mass.

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A new electrostatic precipitator

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Ozone and point discharge measurements under thunderclouds

Ozone and point discharge measurements under thunderclouds

Quasi‐phase resolved partial discharge pattern analysis of surface discharges arising on the tar polluted porcelain bushing of an electrostatic precipitator unit under high voltage DC

Droplet Charging for Wet Scrubbers

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