A new dual parameter scale for the strength of lewis acids and bases with the evaluation of their softness

Misono, Makoto; Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro; Saito, Yasukazu; Yoneda, Yukio

doi:10.1016/0022-1902(67)80006-x

Cited by 190 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The values of Y, X, and ∆V of Zn 2+ are larger than those of other metal cations shown in Table 1. Several studies 26,32,33 have shown that metal cations that have large X can easily bond with OH -on the oxide films of mild steel and in the gluconates adsorbed on the oxide film. For this reason, Zn 2+ would bond to the oxide film at the defect sites and to the protective films of gluconates ( Fig.…”

Section: Model Of the Enhancement Of Corrosion Inhibition Ability Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition Ability of Gluconates for Fresh Water Corrosion of Mild Steel Enhanced by Metal Cations

Otani

Islam

Sakairi

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Inhibition ability of gluconates for fresh water corrosion of mild steel changed with metal cations were investigated by immersion tests and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests. The results of the tests showed that the inhibition ability of gluconates was enhanced by metal cations that have large "corrosion inhibitory effect of cation, Y", in model fresh water. Surface analysis showed that gluconate ligands and metal cations that have large Y can bond on mild steel and that they form a protective film on the steel. EIS analysis with an equivalent circuit suggested that metal cations that have large Y would reduce the area of defects in the protective film of gluconates.

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Section: Model Of the Enhancement Of Corrosion Inhibition Ability Of mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition Ability of Gluconates for Fresh Water Corrosion of Mild Steel Enhanced by Metal Cations

Otani

Islam

Sakairi

2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…This order indicates the higher tendency of Cd to remain in solution compared to zinc. This is usually attributed to differences in metal characteristics and resultant affinity for sorption sites which could be summarized as follow: Ionic radii Cd (0.97 Å) > Zn (0.74 Å) [34]; Atomic weight Cd (112.41) > Zn (65.38) [34]; Electronegativity Cd (1.7) > Zn (1.6) [22] Hydrolysis constant Zn (9.0) > Cd (10.1) [35] and softness Cd (3.04) > Zn (2.34) [36].…”

Section: Distribution Coefficient Values and Selectivity Sequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution by Zeolite in Competitive Sorption System

Shaheen¹,

Derbalah²,

Moghanm³

2012

IJESD

111

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Abstract-In this study, the sorption behaviour of natural (clinoptilolite) zeolites with respect to cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) has been studied in order to consider its application to purity metal finishing wastewaters. The batch method has been employed, using competitive sorption system with metal concentrations in solution ranging from 50 to 300 mg/l. The percentage sorption and distribution coefficients (K d ) were determined for the sorption system as a function of metal concentration. In addition lability of the sorbed metals was estimated by DTPA extraction following their sorption. The results showed that Freundlich model described satisfactorily sorption of all metals. Zeolite sorbed around 32, 75, 28, 99, and 59 % of the added Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn metal concentrations respectively. According to the percentage sorption and distribution coefficients values, the selectivity sequence of studied metals by zeolite can be given as Pb > Cu > Zn > Cd > Ni. About 57, 47, 78, 22, and 29 % from the total sorbed Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn recovered by DTPA indicating that lability of the adsorbed Ni was higher than, Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb respectively. These results show that natural zeolites hold great potential to remove cationic heavy metal species from industrial wastewater.

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“…The main metal cation contained in the solutions is Na + , and by addition of the different salts it is possible to investigate the effect of the minor and/or added metal cations. The calculated metal cation hardness [17,18] is reported as follows, Na + ; 1.01, Ca 2+ ; 2.75, Mg 2+ ; 3.54, and Cu 2+ ; 5.14. The NaCl added solution was used as the reference solution for the corrosion behavior of the other metal cation containing solutions.…”

Section: Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the HSAB concept, harder metal cations have a stronger affinity to OH - [17]. Hard metal cations in solution attracts the electron pair of the oxygen atom in H 2 O or OH in the passive film and that pair can then be more easily replaced with the proton of the H 2 O molecule in a passive film [18].…”

Section: Role Of Metal Cations On the Corrosion Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of metal cation effects on galvanic corrosion behavior of the A5052 aluminum alloy in low chloride ion containing solutions by electrochemical noise impedance

Sakairi

Sasaki

Kaneko³

et al. 2014

Electrochimica Acta

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The effects of metal cations on the galvanic corrosion behavior of the A5052 aluminum alloy in low chloride ion containing solutions (tap water) were examined by electrochemical noise impedance. The electrochemical noise impedance and conductance were calculated by the power spectral density (PSD) of the galvanic current and potential.The oscillations in the galvanic current correlate well with the oscillations in the potential.The total charge (summation of galvanic current) during galvanic corrosion tests was suppressed by the addition of Ca 2+ , while it was increased with Mg 2+ addition. Only a small effect on mean impedance and conductance was observed in solutions with Cu 2+ and Mg 2+ , while addition of Ca 2+ strongly influences both the mean impedance and conductance.These results may be explained by the passive film structure changes due to the metal cations. The results obtained in this study indicate that metal cations play a very important role in the corrosion behavior of A5052 aluminum alloys in tap water.

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A new dual parameter scale for the strength of lewis acids and bases with the evaluation of their softness

Cited by 190 publications

References 11 publications

Inhibition Ability of Gluconates for Fresh Water Corrosion of Mild Steel Enhanced by Metal Cations

Inhibition Ability of Gluconates for Fresh Water Corrosion of Mild Steel Enhanced by Metal Cations

Removal of Heavy Metals from Aqueous Solution by Zeolite in Competitive Sorption System

Evaluation of metal cation effects on galvanic corrosion behavior of the A5052 aluminum alloy in low chloride ion containing solutions by electrochemical noise impedance

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