A New Double-Moment Microphysics Parameterization for Application in Cloud and Climate Models. Part I: Description

Morrison, Hugh; Curry, Judith A.; Khvorostyanov, Vitaly I.

doi:10.1175/jas3446.1

Cited by 950 publications

(834 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The problem could be linked to an imbalance between the mass and number concentration as described in Morrison et al [2005], resulting from errors occurring in the advection of a mixing ratio, q, and number concentration, N. Following suggestions in that paper, the current study employed a monotonic advection scheme available in WRF for moisture variables when using the MORR scheme. However, the low bias of N s still occurs when q s is in a reasonable range.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8] The four microphysical schemes investigated in this paper include the Goddard bulk single-moment scheme [hereinafter GSFC, Tao and Simpson, 1993;Tao et al, 2003;Lang et al, 2007], the WRF single-moment 6-class scheme [hereinafter WSM6, [Hong and Lim, 2006], the Thompson scheme [hereinafter THOM, Thompson et al, 2008], and the Morrison double-moment scheme [hereinafter MORR, Morrison et al, 2005;Morrison et al, 2009]. Each scheme assumes six categories of water species: water vapor, cloud water, cloud ice, snow, graupel, and rain.…”

Section: Models and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model provides more than a dozen options of cloud microphysics schemes with different degrees of sophistication [e.g., Lin et al, 1983;Tao and Simpson, 1993;Ferrier, 1994;Morrison et al, 2005 andMilbrandt and Yau, 2005;Hong and Lim, 2006;Thompson et al, 2008;Lin and Colle, 2011]. These schemes may fundamentally vary in the categories of hydrometeor species and the number of moments in their prognostic variables (e.g., if both mass and number of hydrometeors species are predicted).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of cloud microphysics schemes in simulations of a winter storm using radar and radiometer measurements

et al. 2013

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[1] Using observations from a space-borne radiometer and a ground-based precipitation profiling radar, the impact of cloud microphysics schemes in the WRF model on the simulation of microwave brightness temperature (T b ), radar reflectivity, and Doppler velocity (V dop ) is studied for a winter storm in California. The unique assumptions of particles size distributions, number concentrations, shapes, and fall speeds in different microphysics schemes are implemented into a satellite simulator and customized calculations for the radar are performed to ensure consistent representation of precipitation properties between the microphysics schemes and the radiative transfer models. [2] Simulations with four different schemes in the WRF model, including the Goddard scheme (GSFC), the WRF single-moment 6-class scheme (WSM6), the Thompson scheme (THOM), and the Morrison double-moment scheme (MORR), are compared directly with measurements from the sensors. Results show large variations in the simulated radiative properties. General biases of~20 K or larger are found in (polarization-corrected) T b , which is linked to an overestimate of the precipitating ice aloft. The simulated reflectivity with THOM appears to agree well with the observations, while high biases of~5À10 dBZ are found in GSFC, WSM6 and MORR. Peak reflectivity in MORR exceeds other schemes. These biases are attributable to the snow intercept parameters or the snow number concentrations. Simulated V dop values based on GSFC agree with the observations well, while other schemes appear to have a~1 m s -1 high bias in the ice layer. In the rain layer, the model representations of Doppler velocity vary at different sites.Citation: Han, M., S. A. Braun, T. Matsui, and C. R. Williams (2013), Evaluation of cloud microphysics schemes in simulations of a winter storm using radar and radiometer measurements,

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Models and Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of cloud microphysics schemes in simulations of a winter storm using radar and radiometer measurements

et al. 2013

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“…The microphysics scheme used was a two-moment scheme for both cloud water and rain water fields and based on that by Morrison et al (2005), but with prognostic CCN. In accord with the in situ observations, the representation of the raindrop size distribution within the LEM microphysics scheme was parameterised as an exponential distribution.…”

Section: P J Connolly Et Al: Gravity Waves and Stratocumulusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the effects of gravity waves on stratocumulus clouds observed during VOCALS-UK

et al. 2013

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During the VOCALS campaign spaceborne satellite observations showed that travelling gravity wave packets, generated by geostrophic adjustment, resulted in perturbations to marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds over the south-east Pacific Ocean (SEP). Often, these perturbations were reversible in that passage of the wave resulted in the clouds becoming brighter (in the wave crest), then darker (in the wave trough) and subsequently recovering their properties after the passage of the wave. However, occasionally the wave packets triggered irreversible changes to the clouds, which transformed from closed mesoscale cellular convection to open form. In this paper we use large eddy simulation (LES) to examine the physical mechanisms that cause this transition. Specifically, we examine whether the clearing of the cloud is due to (i) the wave causing additional cloud-top entrainment of warm, dry air or (ii) whether the additional condensation of liquid water onto the existing drops and the subsequent formation of drizzle are the important mechanisms. We find that, although the wave does cause additional drizzle formation, this is not the reason for the persistent clearing of the cloud; rather it is the additional entrainment of warm, dry air into the cloud followed by a reduction in longwave cooling, although this only has a significant effect when the cloud is starting to decouple from the boundary layer. The result in this case is a change from a stratocumulus to a more patchy cloud regime. For the simulations presented here, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) scavenging did not play an important role in the clearing of the cloud. The results have implications for understanding transitions between the different cellular regimes in marine boundary layer (MBL) clouds

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“…For instance, the DSD enables rainfall microphysics to be studied through, for example, the computation of quantities such as the total drop concentration or the mass weighed diameter characterizing the overall DSD (Pruppacher and Klett, 1997;Jaffrain and Berne, 2011). Such DSD information is for example needed for appropriate parametrization of numerical atmospheric models (Morrison et al, 2005). Using external information and assumptions about raindrop scattering properties, it is also possible to estimate, from the DSD, equivalent local pointwise radar quantities and hence study and possibly help improve radar rainfall retrieval algorithms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two months of disdrometer data in the Paris area

Gires

Tchiguirinskaia

Schertzer

2018

Earth Syst. Sci. Data

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Abstract. The Hydrology, Meteorology, and Complexity laboratory of École des Ponts ParisTech (hmco.enpc.fr) has made a data set of optical disdrometer measurements available that come from a campaign involving three collocated devices from two different manufacturers, relying on different underlying technologies (one Campbell Scientific PWS100 and two OTT Parsivel 2 instruments). The campaign took place in JanuaryFebruary 2016 in the Paris area (France). Disdrometers provide access to information on the size and velocity of drops falling through the sampling area of the devices of roughly a few tens of cm 2 . It enables the drop size distribution to be estimated and rainfall microphysics, kinetic energy, or radar quantities, for example, to be studied further. Raw data, i.e. basically a matrix containing a number of drops according to classes of size and velocity, along with more aggregated ones, such as the rain rate or drop size distribution with filtering, are available.Link to the data set: https://zenodo.org/record/1240168 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1240168).

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A New Double-Moment Microphysics Parameterization for Application in Cloud and Climate Models. Part I: Description

Cited by 950 publications

References 72 publications

Evaluation of cloud microphysics schemes in simulations of a winter storm using radar and radiometer measurements

Evaluation of cloud microphysics schemes in simulations of a winter storm using radar and radiometer measurements

Modelling the effects of gravity waves on stratocumulus clouds observed during VOCALS-UK

Two months of disdrometer data in the Paris area

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