A new diplodocid sauropod (Dinosauria) from wyoming, U.S.A.

McIntosh, John S.; Coombs, Walter P.; Russell, Dale A.

doi:10.1080/02724634.1992.10011446

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The distal end is undivided distally but bears two subequally developed condyles posteriorly, and is strongly beveled upward medially. A posterolateral process is present, although it is weaker than that observed in some diplodocoids (McIntosh et al, 1992) or other sauropods such as Giraffatitan (D'Emic, 2012). No tubercles are found on the medial and/or lateral face of metatarsal I, in contrast to the situation in Cedarosaurus and Venenosaurus.…”

Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Anatomy, systematics, paleoenvironment, growth, and age of the sauropod dinosaurSonorasaurus thompsonifrom the Cretaceous of Arizona, USA

D’Emic¹,

Foreman²,

Jud³

2016

J. Paleontol.

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Sauropod dinosaurs are rare in the Cretaceous North American fossil record in general and are absent from that record for most of the Late Cretaceous. Sonorasaurus thompsoni from the Turney Ranch Formation of the Bisbee Group of Arizona, USA, potentially represents one of the youngest sauropods before their ca. 30-million-yearlong hiatus from the record. The anatomy of Sonorasaurus has only been briefly described, its taxonomic validity has been questioned, several hypotheses have been proposed regarding its phylogenetic relationships, and its life history, geologic age, and reported paleoenvironment are ambiguous.Herein we assess the systematics, paleoenvironment, life history, and geologic age of Sonorasaurus based on firsthand observation, bone histology, and fieldwork in the holotypic quarry and environs. The validity of S. thompsoni is substantiated by autapomorphies. Cladistic analysis firmly places it within the Brachiosauridae, in contrast to results of some recent analyses. Bone histology suggests that the only known exemplar of Sonorasaurus grew slowly and sporadically compared to other sauropods and was approaching its adult size. In contrast with previous assessments of a coastal/estuarine paleoenvironment for the Turney Ranch Formation, our sedimentological and plant macrofossil data indicate that Sonorasaurus lived in a semiarid, low relief evergreen woodland that received highly variable (perhaps seasonal) precipitation. We obtained detrital zircons from the holotypic quarry for U-Pb dating, which only yielded Barremian-aged and older grains, whereas other radiometric and biostratigraphic data suggest that the sediments at the quarry were deposited near the Albian-Cenomanian boundary.Sonorasaurus is taxonomically valid, represents one of the geologically youngest brachiosaurid sauropods, and inhabited a harsh inland evergreen-dominated woodland environment that limited its growth. A review of other Bisbee Group dinosaurs suggests that its fauna, although poorly sampled, exhibits broad similarity to those from coeval North American horizons, reinforcing the apparent faunal homogeneity at the time.

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Section: Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Anatomy, systematics, paleoenvironment, growth, and age of the sauropod dinosaurSonorasaurus thompsonifrom the Cretaceous of Arizona, USA

D’Emic¹,

Foreman²,

Jud³

2016

J. Paleontol.

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“…The vast majority of described taxa of this clade come from this Upper Jurassic formation, with only a few exceptions from Europe and Africa. The abundance of diplodocids and their diversity was recognized in the early years of palaeontology (Marsh 1877(Marsh , 1878(Marsh , 1890Osborn 1899;Hatcher 1901;Holland 1915;Gilmore 1932Gilmore , 1936, and new diplodocid or closely related taxa are still being recovered (Jensen 1985;McIntosh et al 1992;Filla & Redman 1994;Harris & Dodson 2004).…”

Section: Comparison With Other Diplodocidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2011). Comparisons with the other two taxa are impossible as they are very fragmentary and do not show any overlap (Cope 1877;McIntosh et al 1992). Nonetheless, both remains are of larger animals than SMA 0004, and the difference appears too much to be explained by individual or sexual variation, even considering that SMA 0004 might still have been in the growth phase.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Diplodocidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many specimens have been found in the USA, Portugal, Tanzania and possibly Asia (McIntosh 1990;Upchurch et al 2004a;Upchurch & Mannion 2009;Mannion et al 2012;Whitlock 2011a). The taxa of Late Jurassic Diplodocidae usually considered valid are: Apatosaurus ajax Marsh, 1877 (type species), A. excelsus (Marsh, 1879), A. louisae Holland, 1915, A. parvus (Peterson & Gilmore, 1902), Barosaurus lentus Marsh, 1890, Dinheirosaurus lourinhanensis Bonaparte & Mateus, 1999, Diplodocus longus Marsh, 1878, D. carnegii Hatcher, 1901, D. hayi Holland, 1924 halli (Gillette, 1991), Supersaurus vivianae Jensen, 1985, Tornieria africana (Fraas, 1908), and probably Dyslocosaurus polyonychius McIntosh et al, 1992(McIntosh 1990Upchurch et al 2004a, b;Lucas et al 2006). Most of these come from the Morrison Formation of southern Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The skull and neck of a new flagellicaudatan sauropod from the Morrison Formation and its implication for the evolution and ontogeny of diplodocid dinosaurs

Tschopp

Mateus

2012

Journal of Systematic Palaeontology

175

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A new taxon of diplodocid sauropod, Kaatedocus siberi gen. et sp. nov., is recognized based on well-preserved cervical vertebrae and skull from the Morrison Formation (Kimmeridgian, Late Jurassic) of northern Wyoming, USA. A phylogenetic analysis places it inside Diplodocinae (Sauropoda: Flagellicaudata: Diplodocidae), as a sister taxon to a clade uniting Tornieria africana and the classical diplodocines Barosaurus lentus and Diplodocus. The taxon is diagnosed by a unique combination of plesiomorphic and derived traits, as well as the following unambiguous autapomorphies within Diplodocidae: frontals separated anteriorly by a U-shaped notch; squamosals restricted to the post-orbital region; presence of a postparietal foramen; a narrow, sharp and distinct sagittal nuchal crest; the paired basal tuber with a straight anterior edge in ventral view; anterior end of the prezygapophyses of mid-and posterior cervical vertebrae is often an anterior extension of the pre-epipophysis, which projects considerably anterior to the articular facet; anterodorsal corner of the lateral side of the posterior cervical vertebrae marked by a rugose tuberosity; posterior margin of the prezygapophyseal articular facet of posterior cervical vertebrae bordered posteriorly by conspicuous transverse sulcus; posterior cervical neural spines parallel to converging. The inclusion of K. siberi and several newly described characters into a previously published phylogenetic analysis recovers the new taxon as basal diplodocine, which concurs well with the low stratigraphical position of the holotype specimen. Dinheirosaurus and Supersaurus now represent the sister clade to Apatosaurus and Diplodocinae and therefore the most basal diplodocid genera. The geographical location in the less known northern parts of the Morrison Fm., where K. siberi was found, corroborates previous hypotheses on faunal provinces within the formation. The probable subadult ontogenetic stage of the holotype specimen allows analysis of ontogenetic changes and their influence on diplodocid phylogeny.

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“…Additionally, Gilmore's (1936) monograph on Apatosaurus and BorsukBialynicka's (1977) paper on Opisthocoelicaudia include adequate descriptions of manus and pes elements. Recently, several publications yielded additional important information on manual and pedal shape in sauropods (McIntosh et al, 1992(McIntosh et al, , 1996aAverianov et al, 2002;Bonnan, 2003Bonnan, , 2005Martínez et al, 2004;Apesteguía, 2005;Bedell and Trexler, 2005;Bonaparte et al, 2006;Harris, 2007;Läng and Goussard, 2007;González Riga et al, 2008;Curry Rogers, 2009;Hocknull et al, 2009;D'Emic et al, 2011;Nair and Salisbury, 2012;Poropat et al, 2015aPoropat et al, , 2015b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Articulated bone sets of manus and pedes of Camarasaurus (Sauropoda, Dinosauria)

Tschopp

Wings

Frauenfelder

et al. 2015

Palaeontologia Electronica

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Tschopp, Emanuel, Wings, Oliver, Frauenfelder, Thomas, and Brinkmann, Winand. 2015. Articulated bone sets of manus and pedes of Camarasaurus (Sauropoda, Dinosauria ABSTRACTSkeletons of sauropods are rarely found with fore and hind feet, and until now, only one specimen of this clade has been reported with all four autopodia preserved complete and articulated. This makes interpretations on their locomotion difficult and proper assignments of footprints to genus-or even species-level taxa are generally impossible. Camarasaurus SMA 0002 from the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation at Howe Ranch in the vicinity of Shell (Wyoming, USA) is the first sauropod with completely preserved and articulated osteological remains of all feet in addition to autopodial skin impressions. We describe in detail the morphology of the SMA 0002 autopodial bones and integumentary impressions, and draw comparisons with the published data on Camarasaurus and other sauropod manus and pedes. Our reconstruction orients the lateral side of the manus claw such that it faces the ground and possibly even contacts it distally. A 3D reconstruction of the autopodia of SMA 0002 yields new insights into the still debated relationship of footprint lengths to hip height in sauropods, and indicates that it might be variable among genera. Furthermore, manual and pedal morphology and the 3D model yield crucial information about the expected footprint shape of Camarasaurus. The recovered characteristics of the footprint do not possess a set of features to be confidently referred to a known ichnospecies.

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A new diplodocid sauropod (Dinosauria) from wyoming, U.S.A.

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

Anatomy, systematics, paleoenvironment, growth, and age of the sauropod dinosaurSonorasaurus thompsonifrom the Cretaceous of Arizona, USA

Anatomy, systematics, paleoenvironment, growth, and age of the sauropod dinosaurSonorasaurus thompsonifrom the Cretaceous of Arizona, USA

The skull and neck of a new flagellicaudatan sauropod from the Morrison Formation and its implication for the evolution and ontogeny of diplodocid dinosaurs

Articulated bone sets of manus and pedes of Camarasaurus (Sauropoda, Dinosauria)

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