A new design method for water-using network of multiple contaminants with single internal water main

Su, Wei-Nan; Li, Qiu-Han; Chunhui, Pan

doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.01.041

Cited by 18 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…They proposed a heuristic evolution procedure, considering loop breakage, two-source shift, and path relaxation, which has as a final objective a network, obtained from a previous one, with fewer interconnections, less total throughput, and near minimum freshwater usage, in processes with one 17 or more contaminants. 16 Su et al 18 present a simple and effective method to design networks of multiple contaminants with a single internal water main. Internal water mains can simplify the structure of water networks, reducing difficulties of control and operation of the systems.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Sources Diagram in Multiple Contaminant Processes: Maximum Reuse

Gomes

Mirre

Delgado

et al. 2013

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Water scarcity, rising energy costs, and stricter regulations on disposal of industrial effluents have forced a focus on the water usage in process plants. In this context, the development of methodologies to analyze the possibility of water reuse in industrial processes, considering the presence of multiple contaminants, has became an important issue for process engineers. There are a great variety of methods to deal with this problem, and they can be divided in two groups: algorithmic methods and mathematical programming methods. The problem with multiple contaminants becomes more complex, and the available algorithmic procedures are sometimes cumbersome; the methodologies based on mathematical programming present complex formulation and solving algorithms. This paper presents an extension of the algorithmic procedure water source diagram (WSD) to multiple contaminant processes. The proposed extended WSD procedure synthesizes water mass exchange networks for multiple contaminant processes, focusing on water reuse. It also targets the minimum water consumption and simultaneously makes the synthesis of the corresponding water network. The proposed procedure was applied in different examples used in the literature by others authors when discussing their proposals. Confrontation of results shows that the methodology here proposed has very good performance.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Sources Diagram in Multiple Contaminant Processes: Maximum Reuse

Gomes

Mirre

Delgado

et al. 2013

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The software supports heuristic and mathematical optimization. More generally, factors such as network complexities, geographic proximities, and variations in contaminants have limited the scope of WPA in industry [44].…”

Section: Survey Of Water Reduction Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Concept of Water Usage Efficiency to Support Water Reduction in Manufacturing Industry

2016

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Abstract:Increasing pressures on freshwater supplies, continuity of supply uncertainties, and costs linked to legislative compliance, such as for wastewater treatment, are driving water use reduction up the agenda of manufacturing businesses. A survey is presented of current analysis methods and tools generally available to industry to analyze environmental impact of, and to manage, water use. These include life cycle analysis, water footprinting, strategic planning, water auditing, and process integration. It is identified that the methods surveyed do not provide insight into the operational requirements from individual process steps for water, instead taking such requirements as a given. We argue that such understanding is required for a proactive approach to long-term water usage reduction, in which sustainability is taken into account at the design stage for both process and product. As a first step to achieving this, we propose a concept of water usage efficiency which can be used to evaluate current and proposed processes and products. Three measures of efficiency are defined, supported by a framework of a detailed categorization and representation of water flows within a production system. The calculation of the efficiency measures is illustrated using the example of a tomato sauce production line. Finally, the elements required to create a useable tool based on the efficiency measures are discussed.

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“…As an important strategic mineral resource, manganese ore relates to social and economic development, which has been widespreadly applied as deoxidizers, desulfurizers and alloying agents in the steel manufacturing (Barik et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2018;Zeng et al, 2018;Zhang et al, 2017); additionally, its far extensive applications include electrode materials, magnetic materials, building materials and catalysts (He et al, 2017;Meshram et al, 2017;Rifat et al, 2018;Saleh et al, 2017). However, the presence of contaminants such as adsorbed water, molecular water and high-valence oxides, causes the smelting process to be energy intensive and large coke consumption, even with unstable furnace conditions (Kralj et al, 2015;Su et al, 2012;Zhao et al, 2014). Additionally, the presence of gases formed by the decomposition of carbonates, high-valence manganese oxides and crystal water, results in accidental spraying and slag turning, rendering serious safety issues in the manufacturing process (Adewale et al, 2016;Jeswani and Azapagic, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%