“…[3,4] Thereby, developing and searching for advanced anode materials with high specific capacity as candidate is extremely urgent. [1,5,6] So far, many kinds of anode materials have been used in LIBs such as nanosized carbons, [7] alloys, [8,9] metal oxides, [10][11][12][13] metal sulfides [14][15][16][17][18] and metal selenides. [19][20][21][22] Among them, SnO 2 , which is well documented in several works, is regarded as a promising candidate for commercial graphite anode because of much higher capacity (1494 mAh g À 1 ), low working potential, chemical stability as well as nontoxicity.…”