A New Cyprinid of the Genus Phoxinus Endemic to the Upper Cumberland River Drainage

Starnes, Wayne C.; Starnes, Lynn B.

doi:10.2307/1443619

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…BSD is a headwater fish species endemic to the upper Cumberland River Basin in Tennessee and Kentucky (Starnes and Starnes, 1978;FWS, 1987), with recent expansions into the Kentucky River Basin in Kentucky and the Clinch and Powell River Basins in Virginia (Skelton, 2013). It inhabits small upland streams characterized by low turbidity and fine substrates, and low conductivity levels (Starnes and Starnes, 1981;Eisenhour and Strange, 1998;others, 2013a, 2013b;Hitt and others, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling occupancy of rare stream fish species in the upper Cumberland and Kentucky River Basins

Hitt¹,

Rogers²,

Kessler³

et al. 2020

Open-File Report

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Biological conservation often requires an understanding of how environmental conditions affect species occurrence and detection probabilities. We used a hierarchical framework to evaluate these effects for several Appalachian stream fish species of conservation concern: Chrosomus cumberlandensis (BSD; blackside dace), Etheostoma sagitta (CAD; Cumberland arrow darter), and Etheostoma spilotum (KAD; Kentucky arrow darter). Etheostoma susanae (Cumberland darter) also is present in the study area but was too rare to model in this analysis. In this study, conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, fish and habitat data were collected from 205 randomly selected stream sites in the upper Cumberland and Kentucky River Basins (120 and 85 sites, respectively) of Kentucky and Tennessee. Sites were sampled with 10 spatial replicates (2 meter x 5 meter electrofishing zones) to enable estimation of detection probabilities and environmental effects. The best models (that is, lowest Akaike information criterion scores) showed the effects of agriculture (negative) on occurrence of BSD and stream conductivity (negative) on occurrence of CAD and KAD. These effects were statistically more important than measures of basin area, elevation, and substrate size. Conductivity and agriculture showed nonlinear effects on species occurrence, and effects of conductivity were more precise above 400 microsiemens per centimeter than below this threshold. Models incorporated detection-level effects of electrofishing time (positive), flow velocity (negative), sand substrate (positive), and gravel/cobble substrate (negative). Models accounting for detection of BSD estimated occupancy rates similar to the observed proportion of occupied sites (0.10), but the best-supported models for CAD and KAD increased expected occupancy by about 4 percent for each species (from 0.17 to 0.21 for CAD and from 0.07 to 0.11 for KAD). Results of this study provide new inferences for modeling stream fish occurrence and detection processes and highlight the importance of continued monitoring and assessment of rare fish species in Appalachian headwater streams.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling occupancy of rare stream fish species in the upper Cumberland and Kentucky River Basins

Hitt¹,

Rogers²,

Kessler³

et al. 2020

Open-File Report

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“…Etheostoma kennicotti : Carter and Jones, 1969: 13, 67 (presence in Poor Fork of the upper Cumberland River system); Comiskey and Etnier, 1972: 143 (distribution in Big South Fork system); Page and Smith, 1976: tables 3–6, fig. 2 (meristic trait variation and pigmentation); Starnes and Starnes, 1978: 515 (syntopic with Chrosomus cumberlandensis [Starnes and Starnes] in the upper Cumberland River system); Wolfe et al, 1979 (allozyme variation); Wolfe and Branson, 1979 (LDH isozyme variation); Burr, 1980: 76 (distribution in upper Cumberland River system); Page, 1983: 149, map 80 (geographic distribution and morphological variation); Page and Schemske, 1978 (geographic distribution and body size); O'Bara and Estes, 1984: 10–12 (presence in the Clear Fork system in upper Cumberland River system); Burr and Warren, 1986: 304 (geographic distribution and habitat notes); Etnier and Starnes, 1993: 499–500, range map 227, plate 235b (photograph of nuptial condition male, geographic distribution, diet, and life history notes); Song et al, 1998: tables 1, 2, figs. 1, 3–5 (phylogenetic relationships); Strange, 1998: 101 (distribution in upper Cumberland River system); Porterfield et al, 1999: figs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematics of the Stripetail Darter, Etheostoma kennicotti (Putnam), and the Distinctiveness of the Upper Cumberland Endemic Etheostoma cumberlandicum Jordan and Swain

Near

Simmons

Strange

et al. 2023

Ichthyology & Herpetology

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The Stripetail Darter, Etheostoma kennicotti (Putnam), is widely distributed in tributaries of the lower Ohio River, the upper Green River system, the Clarks River system, throughout the Tennessee River system, the Laurel River system, and the upper Cumberland River system. Etheostoma cumberlandicum Jordan and Swain was described in 1883 from a population sampled in the Clear Fork system that drains to the upper Cumberland. A previous morphological analysis led to the placement of E. cumberlandicum into the synonymy of E. kennicotti. Results from molecular phylogenetic and relaxed molecular clock analyses, genetic variation at 25 microsatellite loci, morphological disparity in meristic traits, and variation in pigmentation from specimens sampled throughout the geographic distribution of E. kennicotti (s.l.) indicate E. cumberlandicum is a distinct species and there are multiple undescribed species masquerading as E. kennicotti. We elevate Etheostoma cumberlandicum out of synonymy and propose Moonbow Darter as the common name for the species. The results of the phylogenetic analyses are discussed in the context of the historical biogeography of rivers draining the Eastern Highlands of North America.

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“…The blackside dace inhabits small, cool and clear upland stream waters with moderate flow and silt‐free substrates (Starnes and Starnes, ; Starnes and Starnes, ). Stream properties such as turbidity/conductivity (proxies of siltation and pollution levels), summer temperature (related to shaded environment) and gradient and link magnitude (proxies of flow velocity) appear to directly affect the habitat quality of the fish (Jones, ; McAbee et al ., ; Mattingly, ; Black, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More specifically, in the coal and timber‐rich Appalachian Mountain region, stream siltation and pollution caused by human activities such as surface coal mining, logging, agriculture and construction/use of transportation corridors have led to severe habitat loss and subsequent population decline of the species (O'Bara, ; Starnes and Starnes, ; Black and Mattingly, ). Human‐induced stream alterations are also believed to have facilitated the displacement of the blackside dace by a demonstrably secure species, redbelly dace ( Phoxinus erythrogaster ), which has competitional advantages in disturbed stream environments (Starnes and Starnes, ; http://www.natureserve.org).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stream Habitat Modelling for Conserving a Threatened Headwater Fish in the Upper Cumberland River, Kentucky

Liang

Fei

Ripy

et al. 2012

River Research & Apps

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The conservation of stream biodiversity requires more explicit knowledge on the distribution of aquatic species within the context of their specific environmental settings and stresses. Although species distribution models (SDMs) have been widely used for organisms occupying contiguous spatial extents, the implementation of SDMs in relatively complex and segmented riverine networks is still at its early stage. In this study, we explicitly modelled the headwater stream habitat for the threatened blackside dace (Phoxinus cumberlandensis) endemic to the upper Cumberland River, Kentucky, USA. An occurrence record data set, along with variables describing stream properties and land use impacts, was used to predict the fish habitat suitability at the stream segment level. An approach combining geographic information systems and the maximum entropy species distribution modelling (MaxEnt) was adopted. Results demonstrated that natural conditions and land use disturbances, respectively, form the primary and secondary environmental constraints on the species' habitat. We generated regional‐scale management‐friendly maps showing subwatershed habitat suitability and locations of the clustered suitable habitats (hotspots) and thus set an example for spatially explicit management of threatened and endangered riverine species. This study demonstrates the usefulness of SDMs for stream network–based environments in the facilitation of biogeographic conservation efforts and studies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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A New Cyprinid of the Genus Phoxinus Endemic to the Upper Cumberland River Drainage

Cited by 28 publications

References 9 publications

Modeling occupancy of rare stream fish species in the upper Cumberland and Kentucky River Basins

Modeling occupancy of rare stream fish species in the upper Cumberland and Kentucky River Basins

Systematics of the Stripetail Darter, Etheostoma kennicotti (Putnam), and the Distinctiveness of the Upper Cumberland Endemic Etheostoma cumberlandicum Jordan and Swain

Stream Habitat Modelling for Conserving a Threatened Headwater Fish in the Upper Cumberland River, Kentucky

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