A new coral with simplified morphology from the oldest known Hettangian (Early Jurassic) reef in southern France

Gretz, Mélanie; Lathuilière, Bernard; Martini, Rossana

doi:10.4202/app.00012.2013

APP

2014

DOI: 10.4202/app.00012.2013

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A new coral with simplified morphology from the oldest known Hettangian (Early Jurassic) reef in southern France

Mélanie Gretz¹,

Bernard Lathuilière²,

Rossana Martini³

Abstract: The family Zardinophyllidae (Pachythecaliina) Maraîchers, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Bernard Lathuilière [bernard.lathuiliere@univ-lorraine.fr] Université de Lorraine G2R, UMR 7566, BP 239, France; CNRS G2R, UMR 7566, BP 239,

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Cited by 2 publications

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“…The Early Liassic witnessed a profound modifications in coral reefs composition, biodiversity, architecture, skeletal density, and ecological parameters (Kiessling et al 2007). Their ecology, taxonomy, and paleobiogeography are still poorly investigated (Stanley and McRoberts 1993;Kiessling et al 2009;Gretz et al 2013Gretz et al , 2015. The Lower Liassic reef crisis marked (i) a break between different types of reefs, (ii) a disruption between the declining Triassic and the emergence of new Jurassic coral families, and (iii) a break between two periods of widespread reef building in the Upper Triassic and Middle Jurassic.…”

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Coral- and oyster-microbialite patch reefs in the aftermath of the Triassic–Jurassic biotic crisis (Sinemurian, Southeast France)

et al. 2018

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The end of the Triassic and the Early Jurassic are intervals characterised by profound biotic and environmental changes, accompanied by dramatic decreases in marine fauna diversity. Corals were strongly affected and assemblages underwent a severe reduction; compared with those of the Upper Triassic, the Early Jurassic is traditionally defined as holding a ''reef gap''. A Sinemurian coral-microbialites patch reef, located in southern France in the He ´rault department (Le Perthus locality), is here described. This bioconstruction developed in a shallow mixed siliciclastic-carbonate inner ramp setting. The reef volume is composed of up to 70% of an intercoral facies mostly microbialites, with subordinated sediments (approximately 20-30% of the intercoral facies). Therefore, the patch reef can be defined as a coral-microbialite bioconstruction, in which microbialites were the main framebuilders. The coral assemblage has low diversity and is dominated by massive to branching colonies of Chondrocoenia clavellata. This highlights the reef diversity after the T/J boundary crisis. The Le Perthus patch reef could have acted as an edge for the dominant currents and probably induced reductions in hydrodynamic energy and sedimentation on one of its sides. Consequently, it could have triggered the growth of small lateral bioconstructions, composed of oysters and microbialites, uniquely on one of its sides. The evolution of the facies shows that the Le Perthus patch reef grew in a shallowing-upward setting accompanied by an increase in siliciclastic inputs. The rate of bioerosion and the faunal assemblage suggest that the bioconstructions could have been developed in a mesotrophic environment.

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Coral- and oyster-microbialite patch reefs in the aftermath of the Triassic–Jurassic biotic crisis (Sinemurian, Southeast France)

et al. 2018

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Assessment of a Reef Community From Lower Jurassic (Pliensbachian) Strata in the Central High Atlas Mountains of Morocco

Stone

Martindale

FONVILLE

et al. 2022

Palaios

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During the Early Jurassic, reefs in the shallow seas of the Atlas Rift experienced substantial changes as they recovered from the end-Triassic mass extinction. Excellent Lower Jurassic reef deposits documenting this change occur in the Central High Atlas region of Morocco, and herein we describe Owl Olistolith, a micro-olistolith found in lower Pliensbachian-aged (∼ 188.7 million years ago) Moroccan strata. The olistolith records the composition of a reef that grew within the Atlas rift zone and represents a snapshot of reef recovery ∼ 10 million years after the end-Triassic mass extinction. Owl Olistolith is derived from a reef that was originally situated on an outer platform within fair weather wave base; it broke loose and was transported to deeper water and deposited amongst marls. Corals and microbialites formed the primary framework of the reef; microproblematica, foraminifera, and other minor components were also present. The reef can be divided into two dominant facies: a microbialite facies that contains no corals (54%–94% microbialites), and a coral-microbialite facies with substantial proportions of both microbialite (23%–50%) and corals (14%–72%). The micro-olistolith contains at least 15 distinct coral types. In this study, seven coral genera were identified, three of which represent taxa that span the Triassic/Jurassic boundary, including Coryphyllia, Stylophyllopsis, and Margarosmilia. These results indicate that, although surviving taxa played a significant role, newly evolved corals were the most important taxa in the reestablishment of reef ecosystems in the Early Jurassic of Morocco.

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A new coral with simplified morphology from the oldest known Hettangian (Early Jurassic) reef in southern France

Abstract: The family Zardinophyllidae (Pachythecaliina) Maraîchers, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland; Bernard Lathuilière [bernard.lathuiliere@univ-lorraine.fr] Université de Lorraine G2R, UMR 7566, BP 239, France; CNRS G2R, UMR 7566, BP 239,

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Coral- and oyster-microbialite patch reefs in the aftermath of the Triassic–Jurassic biotic crisis (Sinemurian, Southeast France)

Coral- and oyster-microbialite patch reefs in the aftermath of the Triassic–Jurassic biotic crisis (Sinemurian, Southeast France)

Assessment of a Reef Community From Lower Jurassic (Pliensbachian) Strata in the Central High Atlas Mountains of Morocco

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