A New Copepod Genus in the Plankton of the Great Lakes1

Faber, Daniel J.; Jermolajev, E. G.

doi:10.4319/lo.1966.11.2.0301

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The L'Isle Verte population occurs in saline pools of a floodplain, where salinity can range from 5 to 40 PSU seasonally, while the Lake Michigan population occurs in relatively constant salinities, at very low conductivities of 200-400 lS/cm (0 PSU). Eurytemora affinis was first discovered in the Great Lakes around 1958 (Engel 1962;Faber et al 1966), and probably originated from one or several saline populations in the St. Lawrence River drainage, based on genetic and geographic proximity (Lee 1999(Lee , 2000. Although the L'Isle Verte population might not have been the direct source of the Lake Michigan population, it is probably closely related to the ancestral population.…”

Section: Population Samplingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Response to selection and evolvability of invasive populations

2006

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While natural selection might in some cases facilitate invasions into novel habitats, few direct measurements of selection response exist for invasive populations. This study examined selection response to changes in salinity using the copepod Eurytemora affinis. This copepod has invaded fresh water from saline habitats multiple times independently throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Selection response to a constant intermediate salinity (5 PSU) was measured in the laboratory for saline source and freshwater invading populations from the St. Lawrence drainage (North America). These populations were reared under three conditions: (1) native salinities (0 or 15 PSU) for at least two generations, (2) 5 PSU for two generations, and (3) 5 PSU for six generations. Full-sib clutches taken from populations reared under these three conditions were split across four salinities (0, 5, 15, and 25 PSU) to determine reaction norms for survival and development time. Contrasts in survival and development time across the three rearing conditions were treated as the selection response. Selection at 5 PSU resulted in a significant decline in freshwater (0 PSU) tolerance for both the saline and freshwater populations. Yet, evolutionary differences in freshwater tolerance persisted between the saline and freshwater populations. The saline and freshwater populations converged in their high-salinity (25 PSU) tolerance, with an increase in the freshwater population and decline in the saline population. Development time did not shift greatly in response to selection at 5 PSU. For all three rearing conditions, the freshwater population exhibited retarded larval development and accelerated juvenile development relative to the saline population. Results from this study indicate that both the saline and freshwater populations exhibit significant responses to selection for a fitness-related trait critical for invasions into a novel habitat.

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Section: Population Samplingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Response to selection and evolvability of invasive populations

2006

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“…1; Lee 1999Lee , 2000. For example, this copepod extended its range into freshwater reservoirs along the St Lawrence River and into the Great Lakes following the opening of the St Lawrence Seaway c. 1959 (Willey 1923;Engel 1952;Anderson & Clayton 1959;Faber et al 1966;Patalas 1972;Lee 1999Lee , 2000. Such invasions might have important implications for disease transmission, as E. affinis is a major host of many pathogens, including Vibrio cholerae, V. vulnificus, and V. parahaemolyticus (Huq et al 1983;Heidelberg et al 2002;Colwell 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity within the native range: population genetic analyses of sympatric invasive and noninvasive clades of the freshwater invading copepodEurytemora affinis

Winkler

Dodson

Lee³

2007

Molecular Ecology

103

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Invasive species are often composed of highly differentiated populations or sibling species distributed across their native ranges. This study analysed patterns of distribution and the evolutionary and demographic histories of populations within the native range of the copepod species complex Eurytemora affinis. Genetic structure was analysed for samples from 17 locations from both the invaded and native ranges in the St Lawrence River drainage basin, using 652 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene. This study revealed a high degree of heterogeneity in genetic structure and habitat type in the native range, as well as a bias in the sources of invasive populations. Two genetically distinct clades showed a pattern of niche partitioning within the St Lawrence basin. The noninvasive North Atlantic clade primarily occupied the central portion of the St Lawrence Middle Estuary, whereas the invasive Atlantic clade was more prevalent along the margins, in the upstream reaches of the estuary and downstream salt marshes. Habitat partitioning and genetic subdivision was also present within the Atlantic clade. The freshwater populations were genetically more proximate to the Atlantic clade populations in the estuary than to those in the salt marsh, suggesting the estuary as the source of the invasive populations. The freshwater invading populations showed evidence of a modest population bottleneck. Populations from both clades showed genetic signatures of demographic population expansions that preceded the timing of the last glacial maximum, supporting the St Lawrence as a secondary contact zone between the two clades. Additional analyses on physiological and evolutionary properties of populations in the native range, along with analysis of the selection regime within native habitats, might yield insights into the evolutionary potential to invade.

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“…The New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) was found in Lake Ontario in 1991, and has since spread to Lake Erie (Levri et al, 2007;Zaranko et al, 1997). D. lumholtzi, Echinogammarus ischnus, calanoid copepods Eurytemora affinis and Skistodiaptomus pallidus, and a bacterium (Thioplica ingrica) are in Lake Ontario (Faber and Jermolajev, 1966;Witt et al, 1997;Benson, 1999;Muzinic, 2000;Makarewicz et al, 2001;Dermott and Legner, 2002). White river crayfish (Procambarus acutus acutus), Orconectes neglectus, a gammarid amphipod (Gammarus daiberi), an oligochaete (Ripistes parasita), the European fouling hydroid (Cordylophora caspia), grass carp (Ctenopharyngodo idella), and bitterling (Rhodeus sericeus), among others, are in the Hudson River Simpson and Abele, 1984;Mills et al, 1996).…”

Section: Future Invasion Potential Into Lake Champlainmentioning

confidence: 99%