A new conservation-theorem of hydrodynamics

Ertel, Hans; Rossby, C.‐G.

doi:10.1007/bf01981973

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In atmospheric flows assumed to be adiabatic and frictionless, various materially conserved PV diagnostics can be derived. The most fundamental form is the Ertel PV formulation on isentropic surfaces, usually called IPV (Ertel & Rossby, 1949). Under the QG approximation, an alternative form of PV defined on isobaric surfaces is QGPV (Gierasch et al, 2004).…”

Section: Three Independent Sources Of Zonal Jet Spectral Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Intensity of Turbulent Energy Transfer in Planetary Atmospheres

Cabanes

Espa

Galperin

et al. 2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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Section: Three Independent Sources Of Zonal Jet Spectral Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revealing the Intensity of Turbulent Energy Transfer in Planetary Atmospheres

Cabanes

Espa

Galperin

et al. 2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Many previous STE studies have used a "dynamical" tropopause to represent the troposphere-stratosphere boundary, for which a PV isosurface such as 2 PVU (1 PVU = 10 −6 km 2 kg −1 s −1 ) is used (Ertel and Rossby, 1949). However, several studies demonstrate that STE estimates can be largely sensitive to small changes in the PV isosurface used.…”

Section: Tropopause Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global large-scale stratosphere–troposphere exchange in modern reanalyses

Boothe¹,

Homeyer²

2017

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Stratosphere-troposphere exchange (STE) has important impacts on the chemical and radiative properties of the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. This study presents a 15-year climatology of global large-scale STE from four modern reanalyses: ERA-Interim, JRA-55, MERRA-2, and MERRA. STE is separated into three regions (tropics, subtropics, and extratropics) and two transport directions (stratosphere-to-troposphere transport or STT and troposphere-to-stratosphere transport or TST) in an attempt to identify the significance of known transport mechanisms. The extratropics and tropics are separated by the tropopause "break". Any STE occurring between the tropics and the extratropics through the tropopause break is considered subtropical exchange (i.e., in the vicinity of the subtropical jet).In addition, this study employs a method to identify STE as that which crosses the lapse-rate tropopause (LRT), while most previous studies have used a potential vorticity (PV) isosurface as the troposphere-stratosphere boundary. PVbased and LRT-based STE climatologies are compared using the ERA-Interim reanalysis output. The comparison reveals quantitative and qualitative differences, particularly for TST in the polar regions.Based upon spatiotemporal integrations, we find STE to be STT dominant in ERA-Interim and JRA-55 and TST dominant in MERRA and MERRA-2. The sources of the differences are mainly attributed to inconsistencies in the representation of STE in the subtropics and extratropics. Time series during the 15-year analysis period show long-term changes that are argued to correspond with changes in the BrewerDobson circulation.

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“…The dynamical adjustment generates an anticyclonic circulation that further preserves the weak stratification of the fluid parcel and its low potential vorticity (PV), as described by McWilliams []. As the fluid parcel crosses the front, it becomes progressively isolated from the atmosphere and, in the absence of forcing and dissipation, the Ertel's potential vorticity, defined as

\frac{1}{ρ} \overset{g r a d}{true} (ρ) \cdot (f \overset{k}{true} + \overset{ζ}{true})

, is a Lagrangian conservative variable [ Ertel and Rossby , ], where ρ is the potential density, f the Coriolis parameter, and ζ the relative vorticity. Transects crossing the eddies are indicated by white lines in Figure b, reveal their vertical structure (Figure ) in the model.…”

Section: Formation Of Eddies At the Rim Of The Convection Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Postconvective Submesoscale Coherent Vortices in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea

et al. 2017

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For the first time, the formation of submesoscale coherent vortices (SCVs) during intermediate and deep convection events is documented in a realistic high‐resolution (1 km) numerical simulation of the oceanic circulation in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. Winter intermediate and deep convection leads to the formation of anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies with lifetimes exceeding 1 year. By focusing on three typical eddies, the main characteristics of such vortices are discussed. The anticyclonic eddies are typical of SCVs observed in deep convection areas so far. They are characterized by a small radius (∼6.5 km) and orbital peak velocities of about 7 cm/s located at great depth (∼1500 m) or intermediate depth (∼500 m). The cyclonic vortices show very similar characteristics, such as a high Rossby number (∼0.4), but with surface‐intensified structures. The long lifetimes of both anticyclonic and cyclonic eddies reflect very slow diffusive processes between their core and their surroundings and a strong resistance to external perturbations. These long‐lived eddies are found to participate in the spreading of a significant portion (from 15 to 35%) of the convected waters in the Gulf of Lions and contribute to the ventilation of the deep basin.

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A new conservation-theorem of hydrodynamics

Cited by 26 publications

References 1 publication

Revealing the Intensity of Turbulent Energy Transfer in Planetary Atmospheres

Revealing the Intensity of Turbulent Energy Transfer in Planetary Atmospheres

Global large-scale stratosphere–troposphere exchange in modern reanalyses

Modeling Postconvective Submesoscale Coherent Vortices in the Northwestern Mediterranean Sea

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