A new conceptualization of alexithymia in the general adult population: implications for research involving older adults

Henry, Julie D.; Phillips, Louise H.; Maylor, Elizabeth A.; Hosie, Judith A.; Milne, A.; Meyer, Caroline

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.09.008

Cited by 64 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…[68] Yapılan araştırmalarda birçok sosyopatın, [69] aynı zamanda genel popü-lasyondaki bazı insanların da aleksitimik özellikler gösterdiği bulunmuş-tur. [6,70,71] Aleksitimi üzerine yapılan araştırmalar, aleksitimiyi erkekler, ileri yaş, düşük eğitim düzeyi ve düşük ekonomik statü ile de ilişkilendirmek-tedir. [72] Aleksitimik özelliklerin böylesi geniş bir popülasyonda görülüyor olması, Marty ve arkadaşlarının ileri sürdüğü gibi, duygusal zorlukların "gü-nümüz kişiliği"nin bir parçası olup olmadığı sorusunu gündeme getirmektedir.[akt.…”

Section: Aleksitimi Ve Komorbid Bozukluklarunclassified

The Concept of Alexithymia

Şaşıoğlu¹,

Gülol²,

Tosun³

2013

Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychia

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ÖZET"Duygular için söz yokluğu" anlamına gelen ve psikiyatri çevrelerince hızla kabul görmüş bir kavram olan aleksitimi, başlangıçta psikosomatik hastalardaki belirtileri açıklamak için ortaya atılmıştır. Ancak güncel çalışmalar aleksitiminin birçok farklı patolojik grupta ve hatta sağlıklı popülasyonda da karşımı-za çıkan bir kişilik özelliği olabileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Bu noktada aleksitimi kavramının var olan yapı ve tanılardan ayrılması ve gerek kuramsal gerekse ölçümsel anlamda güvenirlik ve geçerliğine yönelik soru işaretlerinin ortadan kalkması için birçok araştırma yapılmıştır. Bu kuramsal derleme çalışma-sında da, kavram üzerinde süre giden tartışmaların günümüzde ne noktada olduğu sorusuna yanıt aranmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, aleksitimi kavramı; özel-likleri, kuramsal temelleri, diğer bozukluklarla ilişkisi ve ölçümü boyutlarında incelenmekte; hem ölçüme hem de kavrama yönelik eleştiriler ele alınmıştır. Anahtar Sözcükler: Aleksitimi, patoloji, nörofizyoloji, psikanaliz. ABSTRACTThe concept of alexithymia, which means "no words for emotions", emerged in order to explain the symptoms of psychosomatic patients and gained a quick recognition among psychiatrists. However, current studies indicate that alexithymia may be a personality trait seen both in different pathological groups and even in healthy population. At this point, many researches have been made in order to distinguish alexithymia from existing constructs and diagnosis, and to remove the questions on reliability and validity of the concept and its measurement. Ongoing discussions on alexithymia will be reviewed in this study. The controversial concept of alexithymia will be examined in terms of characteristics, theoretical background, relationship with the other disorders, measurement and the critique of the measurement and the concept.

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Section: Aleksitimi Ve Komorbid Bozukluklarunclassified

The Concept of Alexithymia

Şaşıoğlu¹,

Gülol²,

Tosun³

2013

Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychia

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“…Con respecto al análisis de las variables sociodemográficas, nuestros resultados tienden a ser consistentes con la mayoría de los trabajos que han evidenciado un incremento de los rasgos alexitímicos con la edad (eg., Hauwell-Fantini y Pedinielli, 2008;Lane, Sechrest, y Riedel, 1998;Henry et al 2006;Salminen et al, 2006;Onor et al, 2010). En nuestro caso, los rasgos en los que hemos encontrado dicho incremento han sido la dificultad para identificar sentimientos y el patrón de pensamiento orientado a lo externo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…En el caso concreto de la edad, si bien no todos los resultados de las investigaciones son consistentes (Gunzelman, Kupfer, y Brähler, 2002), parece que la alexitimia se incrementa especialmente en la edad adulta (Henry et al, 2006;Joukamaa, Saarijärvi, Muuriaisniemi, y Salokangas, 1996;Lindholm, Lehtinen, y Hyppa, 1990;Mattila, Salminen, Nummi, y Joukamaa, 2006;Onor, Trevisiol, Spano, Aguglia, y Paradiso, 2010;Pasini, Chiaie, Seripa, y Ciani, 1992;Salminen, Saarijärvi, Aärelä, Toikka, y Kauhanen, 1999). Una de las argumentaciones que se da para explicar esta relación ha sido que el comportamiento alexitímico puede ser más pronunciado en la edad avanzada por el declive que se produce en la percepción de las emociones durante la vejez (Henry et al, 2006), si bien no hay investigaciones empíricas que intenten evidenciar esta explicación.…”

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“…Una de las argumentaciones que se da para explicar esta relación ha sido que el comportamiento alexitímico puede ser más pronunciado en la edad avanzada por el declive que se produce en la percepción de las emociones durante la vejez (Henry et al, 2006), si bien no hay investigaciones empíricas que intenten evidenciar esta explicación. Además de variables físicas, psicológicas y/o sociodemográficas, la alexitimia también se ha asociado con variables psicosociales tales como satisfacción vital y calidad de vida.…”

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“…Además de variables físicas, psicológicas y/o sociodemográficas, la alexitimia también se ha asociado con variables psicosociales tales como satisfacción vital y calidad de vida. En concreto, algunos estudios evidencian que las personas que puntúan alto en alexitimia manifiestan una satisfacción de vida reducida (Henry et al, 2006) y perciben una calidad de vida más baja (Joukamaa et al, 1996;Mattila et al, 2009;Sturm y Levenson, 2011).…”

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Estudio comparativo de alexitimia en personas institucionalizadas versus aula de mayores

García-Sevilla¹,

Méndez²,

Bermúdez³

et al. 2016

Ejihpe

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La experiencia y regulación de las emociones son aspectos que están adquiriendo mayor importancia a la hora de entender y fomentar el bienestar y la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido llevar a cabo un estudio comparativo de la alexitimia en usuarios pertenecientes a un centro institucionalizado de personas mayores y alumnos matriculados en el aula de mayores. Los participantes del estudio fueron 43 personas institucionalizadas y 48 personas pertenecientes al aula de mayores con una media de edad de 69.30 años y una desviación típica de 66.50. El instrumento utilizado fue la versión adaptada del TAS-20. Los resultados mostraron que las personas institucionalizadas puntuaban más alto en la dificultad para identificar sentimientos, dificultad para describir sentimientos así como en el patrón de pensamiento orientado a lo externo. El sexo fue indiferente en la dificultad para identificar sentimientos, en la dificultad para describir sentimientos así como en el patrón orientado a lo externo. En cuanto a la edad, se encontró una relación con la dificultad para identificar sentimientos y el patrón de pensamiento orientado a lo externo. El estudio permite concluir que la alexitimia se ve influida por el hecho de que la persona mayor se encuentre en un centro institucionalizado.Palabras clave: Alexitimia, institucionalizado, aula mayores, estudio comparativo. Comparative study of alexithymia in institutionalized elderly versus senior classroom.Experience and emotion regulation are issues that are increasingly important in order to understand and promote the welfare and quality of life of elderly. The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative study of the alexithymia in users in an institutionalized center and students enrolled in a senior classroom. Study participants were 43 people hospitalized and 48 from the senior older with an average age of 69.30 years and a standard deviation of 66.50. The instrument used was the adapted version of the TAS-20. The results showed that institutionalized people scored higher on the difficulty in identifying feelings, difficulty in describing feelings and in the pattern of externallyoriented thinking. Sex was indifferent to the difficulty in identifying feelings, difficulty in describing feelings as well as externally-oriented pattern. In terms of age, a relationship was found with the difficulty in identifying feelings and externally oriented thought patterns. The study allows us to conclude that alexithymia is influenced by the fact that the elderly person is in an institutionalized center.

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Alexithymia, empathy, negative affect and physical symptoms in patients with asthma

Khosravani

Ardestani

Alvani

et al. 2020

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

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Although alexithymia has been found to be associated with physical symptoms in psychosomatic disorders such as asthma, mechanisms linking this association are unknown. However, affective alexithymic features may be associated with physical symptoms in the presence of deficits in affective characteristics such as low empathy and high negative affect. This study aimed to assess direct effects of alexithymic traits on physical symptoms and indirect effects of these subscales through empathy and negative affect (e.g. depressive, anxious and stress symptoms) by controlling for asthma severity in patients with asthma. Three hundred patients with asthma completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), the Basic Empathy Scale (BES), the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) and the Physical Symptoms Inventory (PSI). After controlling for asthma severity, the results showed that alexithymia subscales of the TAS-20 had no direct effects on physical symptoms, but the difficulty in identifying feelings (DIF) subscale of the TAS-20 was associated with affective empathy and negative affect. Affective empathy was significantly related to negative affect. Affective empathy and negative affect were associated with physical symptoms. The affective subscale of alexithymia on the TAS-20, that is DIF, indirectly affected physical symptoms through affective empathy and negative affect. Findings suggest that patients with asthma who have high levels of DIF may show high physical symptoms in the presence of low affective empathy and high negative affect.

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A new conceptualization of alexithymia in the general adult population: implications for research involving older adults

Cited by 64 publications

References 47 publications

The Concept of Alexithymia

The Concept of Alexithymia

Estudio comparativo de alexitimia en personas institucionalizadas versus aula de mayores

Alexithymia, empathy, negative affect and physical symptoms in patients with asthma

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