Carbon–carbon
bond formation is the key reaction for organic
synthesis to construct the carbon framework of organic molecules.
The review gives a selection of biocatalytic C–C-bond-forming
reactions which have been investigated during the last 5 years and
which have already been proven to be applicable for organic synthesis.
In most cases, the reactions lead to products functionalized at the
site of C–C-bond formation (e.g., α-hydroxy ketones,
aminoalcohols, diols, 1,4-diketones, etc.) or allow to decorate aromatic
and heteroaromatic molecules. Furthermore, examples for cyclization
of (non)natural precursors leading to saturated carbocycles are given
as well as the stereoselective cyclopropanation of olefins affording
cyclopropanes. Although many tools are already available, recent research
also makes it clear that nature provides an even broader set of enzymes
to perform specific C–C coupling reactions. The possibilities
are without limit; however, a big library of variants for different
types of reactions is required to have the specific enzyme for a desired
specific (stereoselective) reaction at hand.