A New Chinese Economic Law Order?

Shaffer, Gregory; Gao, Henry S.

doi:10.1017/9781108861342.008

Cited by 2 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, at present, there are clear differences in the values of negotiating parties. Indeed, RCEP and ASEAN’s trade agreements provide exception provisions that are considered “more sensitive to national sovereignty than US agreements” (Gao, 2021). In this respect, they leave more room for policy space, particularly in matters of security (Gao, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, RCEP and ASEAN’s trade agreements provide exception provisions that are considered “more sensitive to national sovereignty than US agreements” (Gao, 2021). In this respect, they leave more room for policy space, particularly in matters of security (Gao, 2021). Whether this will become the new norm in international trade is yet to be seen.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PTAs have not always been seen as a threat to the trading order; however, RCEP set a new standard and is one of the largest PTAs ever agreed. It is between ASEAN countries, Australia, China, Japan, New Zealand and South Korea [67], with the combined gross domestic product (GDP) of these nations equally nearly 30% of global GDP (Gao and Shaffer, 2023). Thus, the RCEP “has the potential to become one of the most important (if not the most important) preferential trade agreements in the world” (Gao and Shaffer, 2023, p. 12).…”

Section: Where To From Here?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is between ASEAN countries, Australia, China, Japan, New Zealand and South Korea [67], with the combined gross domestic product (GDP) of these nations equally nearly 30% of global GDP (Gao and Shaffer, 2023). Thus, the RCEP “has the potential to become one of the most important (if not the most important) preferential trade agreements in the world” (Gao and Shaffer, 2023, p. 12). The sheer size of this and other PTAs “means that their power could rival that of the WTO, rendering the global order useless in terms of directing international trade rules” (Gao and Shaffer, 2023, pp.…”

Section: Where To From Here?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, the RCEP “has the potential to become one of the most important (if not the most important) preferential trade agreements in the world” (Gao and Shaffer, 2023, p. 12). The sheer size of this and other PTAs “means that their power could rival that of the WTO, rendering the global order useless in terms of directing international trade rules” (Gao and Shaffer, 2023, pp. 34–35).…”

Section: Where To From Here?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyberspace as a fifth dimension of national security: trade measure exceptions

Garibaldi,

Deane

2023

JITLP

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the national security exception will not allow governments to respond to cyberspace threats within the confines of the world trade organization (WTO) rules. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a desktop study of international trade laws with a specific focus on the convergence of cybersecurity measures and the national security exception provisions of the WTO. Findings The trends towards cybersecurity measures may mean there will inevitably be an evolution of trade norms. The question is, will the collective of the WTO be a part of the evolution, or merely an observer? In the authors’ view, it is crucial that it is the former. Originality/value This study makes three contributions. It provides a literature review and discussion on cybersecurity and the impact on trade. It demonstrates that the national security exception provision will not excuse these measures, and it aims to underscore the importance of the WTO as a community of nations where negotiation on important global issues is possible.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Where To From Here?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Where To From Here?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Where To From Here?mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cyberspace as a fifth dimension of national security: trade measure exceptions

Garibaldi,

Deane

2023

JITLP

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Roblox-based tsunami survival game: A tool to stimulate early childhood disaster preparedness skills

Maulida,

Hanif,

Kamal

et al. 2023

E3S Web Conf.

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Disaster education for early childhood is crucial, especially in Indonesia, which is located within the Ring of Fire, an area prone to various disasters, including tsunamis. Children are a vulnerable group in disaster situations, as they are susceptible to physical and psychological negative impacts. In this context, a game-based approach becomes an attractive alternative as it combines interactive and enjoyable learning experiences. The objective of this study is to explore the effectiveness of using this game as a means of teaching tsunami preparedness. The Tsunami Survival game has visually appealing, child-friendly graphics and easily understandable elements. This study was conducted at Darul Hikmah Kindergarten in Kajhu Village, Aceh Besar District, focusing on the utilization of a game-based approach, specifically the Roblox-based Tsunami Survival game, to educate and stimulate disaster preparedness skills among 20 children aged 4-6 years. The game has equipped children about the actions to be taken during a tsunami through engaging storytelling and gameplay. It incorporates age-appropriate content, interactive gameplay, and virtual scenarios to engage children in learning about evacuation, emergency response, and survival skills. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were conducted to evaluate the impact of the game-based approach on the children's disaster preparedness skills. At the same time, questionnaires and interviews gathered qualitative data on their engagement and perceived learning outcomes. The expected outcomes include improvement knowledge and awareness of tsunami preparedness, as well as insights into the practical implementation of game-based learning in early childhood education. This research contributes to the development of effective strategies for disaster education and resilience-building among young children, leveraging the popularity and accessibility of gaming platforms.

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A New Chinese Economic Law Order?

Cited by 2 publications

References 46 publications

Cyberspace as a fifth dimension of national security: trade measure exceptions

Cyberspace as a fifth dimension of national security: trade measure exceptions

Roblox-based tsunami survival game: A tool to stimulate early childhood disaster preparedness skills

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