A new central post-stroke pain rat model: autologous blood injected thalamic hemorrhage involved increased expression of P2X4 receptor

Lu, Haifeng; Xu, Chang; Zhang, Lei; Gan, Lei; Chen, Chan; Yan, Manyun; Guo, Xiaoning; Fang, Qi; Xu, Guang–Yin; Zhang, Yanbo; Ni, Jielei; Zhao, Hongru

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2018.09.023

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The apparatus needed for this test includes a metal mesh floor and several plexiglass chambers ( 27 ). The test is usually carried out 1 day prior to surgery, and 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days post-surgery ( 14 ). Researchers often utilize the up-and-down method designed by S.R.…”

Section: Common Behavioral Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermal hyperalgesia test requires a shelf with a thick glass plate, a radiant heat stimulator, and plexiglass chambers. The temperature of the plate surface is held constant ( 14 , 16 , 18 ). The test is performed 1 day prior to surgery and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 post-surgery ( 14 ).…”

Section: Common Behavioral Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The temperature of the plate surface is held constant ( 14 , 16 , 18 ). The test is performed 1 day prior to surgery and on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, and 21 post-surgery ( 14 ). Before the test, the animals are placed in the chambers for at least 30 min in advance to allow for habituation.…”

Section: Common Behavioral Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latency of the withdrawal response (the time between started infrared stimulation to the withdrawal of the hind paw) should be recorded ( 28 ). The duration of stimulation should be no longer than 20 s to avoid burn damage ( 14 , 27 ). The process is repeated three or five times, and the mean values are taken as the threshold values ( 17 , 23 , 28 ).…”

Section: Common Behavioral Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral Assessment of Sensory, Motor, Emotion, and Cognition in Rodent Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

et al. 2021

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Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common type of stroke and has one of the highest fatality rates of any disease. There are many clinical signs and symptoms after ICH due to brain cell injury and network disruption resulted from the rupture of a tiny artery and activation of inflammatory cells, such as motor dysfunction, sensory impairment, cognitive impairment, and emotional disturbance, etc. Thus, researchers have established many tests to evaluate behavioral changes in rodent ICH models, in order to achieve a better understanding and thus improvements in the prognosis for the clinical treatment of stroke. This review summarizes existing protocols that have been applied to assess neurologic function outcomes in the rodent ICH models such as pain, motor, cognition, and emotion tests. Pain tests include mechanical, hot, and cold pain tests; motor tests include the following 12 types: neurologic deficit scale test, staircase test, rotarod test, cylinder test, grid walk test, forelimb placing test, wire hanging test, modified neurologic severity score, beam walking test, horizontal ladder test, and adhesive removal test; learning and memory tests include Morris water maze, Y-maze, and novel object recognition test; emotion tests include elevated plus maze, sucrose preference test, tail suspension test, open field test, and forced swim test. This review discusses these assessments by examining their rationale, setup, duration, baseline, procedures as well as comparing their pros and cons, thus guiding researchers to select the most appropriate behavioral tests for preclinical ICH research.

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Section: Common Behavioral Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Common Behavioral Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Common Behavioral Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Common Behavioral Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral Assessment of Sensory, Motor, Emotion, and Cognition in Rodent Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

et al. 2021

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“…Inflammation is considered the main pathological feature that causes pain. The activation of the P2X4/P2RX7 receptors in microglia [ 59 – 61 ] and the activation of NLRP3 in microglia are both related to the occurrence of pain after cerebral hemorrhage and stroke [ 62 , 63 ]. In the thalamic hemorrhage model, depletion of microglia can effectively prevent the development of analgesia [ 64 ].…”

Section: Microglial Activation Plays An Important Role In Pain Post Hemorrhagic Strokementioning

confidence: 99%

Microglia in the Pathophysiology of Hemorrhagic Stroke and the Relationship Between Microglia and Pain After Stroke: A Narrative Review

Liu

Fan

et al. 2021

Pain Ther

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Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide, and about a quarter of stroke patients are dead within 1 month. The prognosis is even worse for those with hemorrhagic stroke because the 1-month mortality approaches 50%. Besides, most patients who survive experience complications such as nausea, vomiting, and chronic pain. These adverse experiences, especially the existence of chronic pain, can lead to a decline in the patient's quality of life. In order to improve the treatment and prognosis of hemorrhagic stroke, there is an urgent need to understand its pathophysiological mechanism as well as the chronic pain it induces. This paper reviews studies of the molecular mechanisms of hemorrhagic stroke, especially the activation of microglia and the relationship between microglia and pain after stroke, which could shed new light on hemorrhagic stroke treatment.

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Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Central Post-Stroke Pain: A Review

Cheng

Huang

et al. 2023

Cell Mol Neurobiol

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A new central post-stroke pain rat model: autologous blood injected thalamic hemorrhage involved increased expression of P2X4 receptor

Cited by 15 publications

References 48 publications

Behavioral Assessment of Sensory, Motor, Emotion, and Cognition in Rodent Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Behavioral Assessment of Sensory, Motor, Emotion, and Cognition in Rodent Models of Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Microglia in the Pathophysiology of Hemorrhagic Stroke and the Relationship Between Microglia and Pain After Stroke: A Narrative Review

Research Progress on the Mechanisms of Central Post-Stroke Pain: A Review

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