A new canine distemper virus lineage identified from red pandas in China

Wang, Ruichen; Wang, Xiaohu; Zhai, Junqiong; Zhang, Pian; Irwin, David M.; Shen, Xuejuan; Wu, Chen; Shen, Yongyi

doi:10.1111/tbed.14370

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Intracytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions were detected in bronchial epithelial cells and syncytial cells. These ndings in the lungs are consistent with previous studies in different animal species, including dogs, where the presence of CDV is observed (Pratakpiriya 2017;Michelazzo et al 2021;Wang et al, 2021b).…”

Section: De Nitive Diagnosis Of CDV Is Made By Histopathological Ndin...supporting

confidence: 92%

Pathological and Molecular Investigation of Canine Distemper Virus: Phylogenetic analysis of co-circulating genetic lineages based on H and F genes

Karapınar

Ilhan

Usta

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a multi-systemic, highly contagious virus that infects a wide variety of carnivore species, ranging from subclinical to fatal disease. In this study, dogs with clinically suspected Canine distemper were examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using the obtained partial H and F gene sequences and the sequences were compared with CDV strains obtained from the GenBank. Histopathologically, characteristic intracytoplasmic and/or intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed in the CNS, lung, stomach, small intestine, liver, kidney, and spleen with encephalitis, interstitial/bronchointerstitial pneumonia, gastroenteritis. In addition, CDV antigens were detected in all tissues with characteristic histopathological findings of CDV antigens were detected in all tissues with characteristic histopathological findings of Canine Distemper. The antigens were more intense in bronchial and bronchiolar with interstitial and bronchointerstitial pneumoni and inclusion bodies, syncytial cells. It was determined with the phylogenetic map created at the end of the sequence analysis that European and Arctic strains are circulating together in the region.

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Section: De Nitive Diagnosis Of CDV Is Made By Histopathological Ndin...supporting

confidence: 92%

Pathological and Molecular Investigation of Canine Distemper Virus: Phylogenetic analysis of co-circulating genetic lineages based on H and F genes

Karapınar

Ilhan

Usta

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…CDV is estimated to be present in most countries, and primarily infects Canid species. The virus also infects other animal species belonging to the order Carnivora (including Felidae, Mustelidae, Procyonidae, Ursidae, Phocidae, Viverridae, Hyaenidae, Ailuridae, Mephitidae, and Otariidae) and other orders (Artiodactyla, Primates, Rodentia, and Pilosa) 42–48 . However, studies on CDV infection in wild animals living in endemic areas have shown differences in mortality rates and possession of anti‐CDV antibodies among closely related species 49,50 .…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Current Morbillivirus Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strains of CDV are classified by different regions, and each lineage is subdivided into numbers. Currently, America‐1 to 5, Arctic‐like, Asia‐1 to 4, India‐1/Asia‐5, Asia‐6, Africa‐1 and ‐2, Caspian, European Wildlife, Europe/South America‐1, South America‐2 and ‐3, and Rockborn‐like have been reported 47,54–58 . Each CDV strain has its own characteristic amino acid substitutions 59 .…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Current Morbillivirus Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The virus also infects other animal species belonging to the order Carnivora (including Felidae, Mustelidae, Procyonidae, Ursidae, Phocidae, Viverridae, Hyaenidae, Ailuridae, Mephitidae, and Otariidae) and other orders (Artiodactyla, Primates, Rodentia, and Pilosa). [42][43][44][45][46][47][48] However, studies on CDV infection in wild animals living in endemic areas have shown differences in mortality rates and possession of anti-CDV antibodies among closely related species. 49,50 While CDV infection is well known to be expanding among wild carnivores, 51,52 a recent study indicated that CDV may also be circulating with wild animals other than dogs as the primary source of infection.…”

Section: Canine Morbillivirusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel and classical morbilliviruses: Current knowledge of three divergent morbillivirus groups

Seki

Takeda

2022

Microbiology and Immunology

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Currently, seven species of morbillivirus have been classified. Six of these species (Measles morbillivirus, Rinderpest morbillivirus, Small ruminant morbillivirus, Canine morbillivirus, Phocine morbillivirus, and Cetacean morbillivirus) are highly infectious and cause serious systemic diseases in humans, livestock, domestic dogs, and wild animals. These species commonly use the host proteins signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM) and nectin-4 as receptors, and this usage contributes to their virulence. The seventh species (Feline morbillivirus: FeMV) is phylogenetically divergent from the six SLAM-using species. FeMV differs from the SLAM-using morbillivirus group in pathogenicity and infectivity, and is speculated to use non-SLAM receptors. Recently, novel species of morbilliviruses have been discovered in bats, rodents, and domestic pigs. Because the ability to use SLAM and nectin-4 is closely related to the infectivity and pathogenicity of morbilliviruses, investigation of the potential usage of these receptors is useful for estimating infectivity and pathogenicity. The SLAM-binding sites in the receptor-binding protein show high similarity among the SLAM-using morbilliviruses. This feature may help to estimate whether novel morbillivirus species can use SLAM as a receptor. A novel morbillivirus species isolated from wild mice diverged from the classified morbilliviruses in the phylogenetic tree, forming a third group separate from the SLAM-using morbillivirus group and FeMV. This suggests that the novel rodent morbillivirus may exhibit a different risk from the SLAM-using morbillivirus group, and analyses of its viral pathogenicity and infectivity toward humans are warranted.

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“…CDV is an enveloped virus and contains a non-segmented, single-stranded negative-sense RNA genome, which encodes for six proteins: nucleocapsid (N), phospho- (P), matrix (M), fusion (F), hemagglutinin (H) and polymerase (L) proteins. Thus far, at least 20 genotypes of CDV have been identified, including the recently discovered Caspian and Asia 4–6 genotypes 4 – 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathologic and molecular aspects of a canine distemper epizootic in red foxes in Germany

Geiselhardt

Peters

Kleinschmidt

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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In the last fifteen years, an epidemic of canine distemper virus (CDV) with marked neurotropism has occurred in Europe after a longer period of endemic transmission. Many wildlife species have been infected, with red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) being particularly affected. Given that this species is assumed to mediate cross-species CDV infections to domestic and wild animals, tissue samples from foxes with confirmed CDV infection in North-Western Germany were investigated to better understand the neurotropic aspects of the disease. This analysis included histopathology, virus distribution and cell tropism, phenotyping of inflammatory responses and determination of the genotype of the viruses based on the phylogeny of the hemagglutinin (H) gene. The predominant lesion type is gliosis in both gray and white matter areas associated with an accumulation of Iba1+ macrophages/microglia and upregulation of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules in the brain, while sequestration of CD3+ T and Pax5+ B cell in CDV-infected foxes is limited. Demyelination is found in few foxes, characterized by reduced myelin staining with loss of CNPase+ oligodendrocytes in the cerebellar white matter and brainstem. In addition, axonal damage, characterized by β-amyloid precursor protein expression, is found mainly in these brain regions. In situ hybridization reveals a primary infection of the cerebral and cerebellar gray matter and brain stem. Iba1+ cells and NeuN+ neurons represent the main CDV targets. Sequencing of the CDV H open reading frame from fox tissues reveals that the virus strains belongs to three different sub-lineages of the Europe-1/South America-1 genotype, suggesting independent transmission lines.

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A new canine distemper virus lineage identified from red pandas in China

Cited by 23 publications

References 70 publications

Pathological and Molecular Investigation of Canine Distemper Virus: Phylogenetic analysis of co-circulating genetic lineages based on H and F genes

Pathological and Molecular Investigation of Canine Distemper Virus: Phylogenetic analysis of co-circulating genetic lineages based on H and F genes

Novel and classical morbilliviruses: Current knowledge of three divergent morbillivirus groups

Neuropathologic and molecular aspects of a canine distemper epizootic in red foxes in Germany

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