A New Cable-Less Seismograph with Functions of Real-Time Data Transmitting and High-Precision Differential Self-Positioning

Kang, Lan; You, Qinglong; Wang, Juan; Xu, Xiqiang; Shi, Pengcheng; Dai, Kaoshan; Huang, Zhenhua; Wang, Yunlong; Shi, Yuanfeng; Ding, Zhibin

doi:10.3390/s20144015

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…The networking characteristics of Zigbee are depicted in Table 1. Zigbee is used in different interesting real-world applications, such as seismic data acquisition, the mining ventilation system, radio frequency fingerprinting, and different biomedical applications [11][12][13][14][15]. Due to its interoperable standards and low power operation modes, Zigbee has been popular in indoor, industrial, and outdoor applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Performance Analysis of Zigbee Communication: An Experimental Approach with XBee S2C Module

Haque

Abdelgawad

Yelamarthi

2022

Sensors

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The recent development of wireless communications has prompted many diversified applications in both industrial and medical sectors. Zigbee is a short-range wireless communication standard that is based on IEEE 802.15.4 and is vastly used in both indoor and outdoor applications. Its performance depends on networking parameters, such as baud rates, transmission power, data encryption, hopping, deployment environment, and transmission distances. For optimized network deployment, an extensive performance analysis is necessary. This would facilitate a clear understanding of the trade-offs of the network performance metrics, such as the packet delivery ratio (PDR), power consumption, network life, link quality, latency, and throughput. This work presents an extensive performance analysis of both the encrypted and unencrypted Zigbee with the stated metrics in a real-world testbed, deployed in both indoor and outdoor scenarios. The major contributions of this work include (i) evaluating the most optimized transmission power level of Zigbee, considering packet delivery ratio and network lifetime; (ii) formulating an algorithm to find the network lifetime from the measured current consumption of packet transmission; and (iii) identifying and quantizing the trade-offs of the multi-hop communication and data encryption with latency, transmission range, and throughput.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Performance Analysis of Zigbee Communication: An Experimental Approach with XBee S2C Module

Haque

Abdelgawad

Yelamarthi

2022

Sensors

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“…The high cost of instrumentation and the rise of low-cost microcontrollers, each time with more functionalities, is what motivates the increasing number of proposals for measurement systems developed by the research groups themselves. Thus, wireless solutions can be found in the literature for seismic exploration [ 27 , 28 ], microzonation studies [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ] and building monitoring [ 35 , 36 , 37 ], among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of a Wireless Sensor Network for Seismic Monitoring of Buildings

Jornet-Monteverde

Galiana-Merino

Soler-Llorens

2021

Sensors

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This article presents a new wireless seismic sensor network system, especially design for building monitoring. The designed prototype allows remote control, and remote and real-time monitoring of the recorded signals by any internet browser. The system is formed by several Nodes (based on the CC3200 microcontroller of Texas Instruments), which are in charge of digitizing the ambient vibrations registered by three-component seismic sensors and transmitting them to a central server. This server records all the received signals, but also allows their real-time visualization in several remote client browsers thanks to the JavaScript’s Node.js technology. The data transmission uses not only Wi-Fi technology, but also the existing network resources that nowadays can be found usually in any official or residential building (lowering deployment costs). A data synchronization scheme was also implemented to correct the time differences between the Nodes, but also the long-term drifts found in the internal clock of the microcontrollers (improving the quality of records). The completed system is a low-cost, open-hardware and open-software design. The prototype was tested in a real building, recording ambient vibrations in several floors and observing the differences due to the building structure.

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Mapping bedrock topography and detecting blind faults using the fundamental resonance of microtremor: a case study of the Pohang Basin, southeastern Korea

Kang

2024

Geophysical Journal International

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SUMMARY The Pohang Basin sustained the most extensive seismic damage in the history of instrumental recording in Korea due to the 2017 Mw 5.5 earthquake. The pattern of damage shows marked differences from a radial distribution, suggesting important contributions by local site effects. Our understanding of these site effects and their role in generating seismic damage within the study area remains incomplete, which indicates the need for a thorough exploration of subsurface information, including the thickness of soil to bedrock and basin geometry, in the Pohang Basin. We measured the depth to bedrock in the Pohang Basin using dense ambient noise measurements conducted at 698 sites. We propose a model of basin geometry based on depths and dominant frequencies derived from the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) of microtremor at 698 sites. Most microseismic measurements exhibit one or more clear HVSR peak(s), implying one or more strong impedance contrast(s), which are presumed to represent the interface between the basement and overlying basin-fill sediments at each measurement site. The ambient seismic noise induces resonance at frequencies as low as 0.32 Hz. The relationship between resonance frequency and bedrock depth was derived using data from 27 boreholes to convert the dominant frequencies measured at stations adjacent to the boreholes into corresponding depths to the strong impedance contrast. The relationship was then applied to the dominant frequencies to estimate the depth to bedrock over the whole study area. Maps of resonance frequency and the corresponding depth to bedrock for the study area show that the greatest depths to bedrock are in the coastal area. The maps also reveal lower fundamental frequencies in the area west of the Gokgang Fault. The results indicate a more complex basin structure than previously proposed based on a limited number of direct borehole observations and surface geology. The maps and associated profiles across different parts of the study area show pronounced changes in bedrock depth near inferred blind faults proposed in previous studies, suggesting that maps of bedrock depth based on the HVSR method can be used to infer previously unknown features, including concealed or blind faults that are not observed at the surface.

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A New Cable-Less Seismograph with Functions of Real-Time Data Transmitting and High-Precision Differential Self-Positioning

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Comprehensive Performance Analysis of Zigbee Communication: An Experimental Approach with XBee S2C Module

Comprehensive Performance Analysis of Zigbee Communication: An Experimental Approach with XBee S2C Module

Design and Implementation of a Wireless Sensor Network for Seismic Monitoring of Buildings

Mapping bedrock topography and detecting blind faults using the fundamental resonance of microtremor: a case study of the Pohang Basin, southeastern Korea

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