A new blind adaptive watermarking method based on singular value decomposition

Zolotavkin, Yevhen; Juhola, Martti

doi:10.1109/sns-pcs.2013.6553862

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…For the experimental evaluation, we used 92 natural grayscale images with resolution 512 × 512. Each image was split on 4 × 4 blocks and first singular values of Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) were quantized to embed a watermark [22]. The watermarking was arranged without IDL and (69) and 2 is the variance of the original coefficients.…”

Section: Information Extracted Under Gamentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Scalar Quantization Method for Digital Image Watermarking

Zolotavkin

Juhola

2016

Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering

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A new technique utilizing Scalar Quantization is designed in this paper in order to be used for Digital Image Watermarking (DIW). Efficiency of the technique is measured in terms of distortions of the original image and robustness under different kinds of attacks, with particular focus on Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and Gain Attack (GA). The proposed technique performance is affirmed by comparing with state-of-the-art methods including Quantization Index Modulation (QIM), Distortion Compensated QIM (DC-QIM), and Rational Dither Modulation (RDM). Considerable improvements demonstrated by the method are due to a new form of distribution of quantized samples and a procedure that recovers a watermark after GA. In contrast to other known quantization methods, the detailed method here stipulates asymmetric distribution of quantized samples. This creates a distinctive feature and is expressed numerically by one of the proposed criteria. In addition, several realizations of quantization are considered and explained using a concept of Initial Data Loss (IDL) which helps to reduce watermarking distortions. The procedure for GA recovery exploits one of the two criteria of asymmetry. The accomplishments of the procedure are due to its simplicity, computational lightness, and sufficient precision of estimation of unknown gain factor.

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Section: Information Extracted Under Gamentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Scalar Quantization Method for Digital Image Watermarking

Zolotavkin

Juhola

2016

Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering

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“…For any combination of 2 , WNR, , , 1 , 0 , 0 , and 1 the required value of Δ is defined using (27) and (33) as…”

Section: Estimation Of Quantization Distortions the Variancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The largest singular values of SVD of 4 × 4 blocks were used by all the methods for watermark embedding in the empirical estimations of capacity. Such a domain is a natural choice for many watermarking applications because it provides a good tradeoff between robustness, invisibility, and data payload [7,27,28]. Commonly, the largest singular values are being quantized [25].…”

Section: (57)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New QIM-Based Watermarking Method Robust to Gain Attack

Zolotavkin

Juhola

2014

International Journal of Digital Multimedia Broadcasting

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We propose a new watermarking method based on quantization index modulation. A concept of initial data loss is introduced in order to increase capacity of the watermarking channel under high intensity additive white Gaussian noise. According to the concept some samples in predefined positions are ignored even though this produces errors in the initial stage of watermark embedding. The proposed method also exploits a new form of distribution of quantized samples where samples that interpret “0” and “1” have differently shaped probability density functions. Compared to well-known watermarking schemes, this provides an increase of capacity under noise attack and introduces a distinctive feature. Two criteria are proposed that express the feature numerically. The criteria are utilized by a procedure for estimation of a gain factor after possible gain attack. Several state-of-the-art quantization-based watermarking methods were used for comparison on a set of natural grayscale images. The superiority of the proposed method has been confirmed for different types of popular attacks.

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