A new black fly species from Brazil, closely related to Simulium guianense Wise (Diptera, Simuliidae), revealed by morphology and DNA barcoding

Hamada, Neusa; Pepinelli, Mateus; Mattos-Glória, Aline; Luz, Sérgio Luíz Bessa

doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2428.1.2

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Similar values were observed in studies on other insects, including some Diptera families (e.g., Beckenbach and Borkent 2003; Hamada et al 2010; Hernández-Triana et al 2012). Although Silva et al (2013) attributed low intraspecific divergence (mean 0.91%) to the specimens having been collected in the same place, our results and other studies, for example, with Lepidoptera and Simuliidae, do not corroborate this hypothesis (e.g., Hebert et al 2004; Hernández-Triana et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

An Asiatic Chironomid in Brazil: morphology, DNA barcode and bionomics

Amora

Hamada

Fusari

et al. 2015

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In most freshwater ecosystems, aquatic insects are dominant in terms of diversity; however, there is a disproportionately low number of records of alien species when compared to other freshwater organisms. The Chironomidae is one aquatic insect family that includes some examples of alien species around the world. During a study on aquatic insects in Amazonas state (Brazil), we collected specimens of Chironomidae that are similar, at the morphological level, to Chironomus kiiensis Tokunaga and Chironomus striatipennis Kieffer, both with distributions restricted to Asia. The objectives of this study were to provide morphological information on this Chironomus population, to investigate its identity using DNA barcoding and, to provide bionomic information about this species. Chironomus DNA barcode data were obtained from GenBank and Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) and, together with our data, were analyzed using the neighbor-joining method with 1000 bootstrap replicates and the genetic distances were estimated using the Kimura-2-parameter. At the morphological level, the Brazilian population cannot be distinguished either from Chironomus striatipennis or Chironomus kiiensis, configuring a species complex but, at the molecular level our studied population is placed in a clade together with Chironomus striatipennis, from South Korea. Bionomic characteristics of the Brazilian Chironomus population differ from the ones of Chironomus kiiensis from Japan, the only species in this species complex with bionomic information available. The Brazilian Chironomus population has a smaller size, the double of the number of eggs and inhabits oligotrophic water, in artificial container. In the molecular analysis, populations of Chironomus striatipennis and Chironomus kiiensis are placed in a clade, formed by two groups: Group A (which includes populations from both named species, from different Asiatic regions and our Brazilian population) and Group B (with populations of Chironomus kiiensis from Japan and South Korea). Genetic distance between the Brazilian population and specimens in Group A suggests that it was recently introduced in Brazil, and that its country of origin is probably South Korea.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

An Asiatic Chironomid in Brazil: morphology, DNA barcode and bionomics

Amora

Hamada

Fusari

et al. 2015

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“…However, preliminary information has been obtained by Pepinelli et al (2009) for 63 nominal species of the genera Gigantodax (11 species), Lutzsimulium (three species), Pedrowygomyia (one species) and Simulium (48 species). Pepinelli et al (2009) Hamada et al (2010) described the new species S. lithobranchium from Brazil, based upon morphological differences of the male genitalia, the presence of dorsal tubercles in the larvae, and a high intraspecific genetic divergence (>4%) in the barcoding sequences they analyzed. Shelley et al (2010) and Hernández (2011) have dealt with the classical taxonomy of the subgenus Trichodagmia, and outlined the haematophagous behaviour of several Trichodagmia species along with their medical importance as vectors of human onchocerciasis (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA barcodes reveal cryptic genetic diversity within the blackfly subgenus Trichodagmia Enderlein (Diptera: Simuliidae: Simulium) and related taxa in the New World

Hernández‐Triana

Crainey

Hall

et al. 2012

Zootaxa

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In this paper we investigate the utility of the COI DNA barcoding region for species identification and for revealing hidden diversity within the subgenus Trichodagmia and related taxa in the New World. In total, 24 morphospecies within the current expanded taxonomic concept of Trichodagmia were analyzed. Three species in the subgenus Aspathia and 10 species in the subgenus Simulium s.str. were also included in the analysis because of their putative phylogenetic relationship with Trichodagmia. In the Neighbour Joining analysis tree (NJ) derived from the DNA barcodes most of the specimens grouped together according to species or species groups as recognized by other morphotaxonomic studies. The interspecific genetic divergence averaged 11.2% (range 2.8–19.5%), whereas intraspecific genetic divergence within morphologically distinct species averaged 0.5% (range 0–1.2%). Higher values of genetic divergence (3.2–3.7%) in species complexes suggest the presence of cryptic diversity. The existence of well defined groups within S. piperi, S. duodenicornium, S. canadense and S. rostratum indicate the possible presence of cryptic species within these taxa. Also, the suspected presence of a sibling species in S. tarsatum and S. paynei is supported. DNA barcodes also showed that specimens from species that were taxonomically difficult to delimit such as S. hippovorum, S. rubrithorax, S. paynei, and other related taxa (S. solarii), grouped together in the NJ analysis, confirming the validity of their species status. The recovery of partial barcodes from specimens in collections was time consuming and PCR success was low from specimens more than 10 years old. However, when a sequence was obtained, it provided good resolution for species identification. Larvae preserved in ‘weak’ Carnoy’s solution (9:1 ethanol:acetic acid) provided full DNA barcodes. Adding legs directly to the PCR mix from recently collected and preserved adults was an inexpensive, fast methodology to obtain full barcodes. In summary, DNA barcoding combined with a sound morphotaxonomic framework provides an effective approach for the delineation of species and for the discovery of hidden diversity in the subgenus Trichodagmia.

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“…Blackfly systematics using DNA sequences (12S, 18S, 28S, 5.8S, COI, COII, ITS-1, ITS-2 and ITS4) are useful for studying phylogeny and identification of species (Thanwisai et al, 2006;Conflitti et al, 2010;Hamada et al, 2010). Phylogenetic analyses of the subgenus Nevermannia and other subgenera of black flies using mitochondrial DNA gene sequences was first studied in Asia by Otsuka et al (2007), followed by few such studies have been conducted in Thailand (Thanwisai et al, 2006;Phayuhasena et al, 2010;Pramual and Kuvangkadilok, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%