A new basal porpoise,Pterophocaena nishinoi(Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinoidea), from the upper Miocene of Japan and its phylogenetic relationships

Out of the Pacific: a second fossil porpoise from the Pliocene of the North Sea Basin

“…The list of characters and the character-taxon matrix can be found as Supplementary Online Material (available at http://app.pan.pl/SOM/ app60-Colpaert_etal_SOM.pdf). All characters were treated as unweighted and unordered, as in recent cladistic analyses on phocoenids , Murakami et al 2012a. The heuristic search provided 27 shortest trees with a length of 91 steps.…”

Two new extinct basal phocoenids (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinoidea), from the upper Miocene Koetoi Formation of Japan and their phylogenetic significance

“…Their fossil record is relatively good, with 12 extinct phocoenid species having been described from late Miocene to Pliocene. Several specimens have recently been reported from the western North Pacific (Ichishima and Kimura, 2000, 2005, 2009Murakami et al, 2012) and they help fill spatial, temporal, and morphological gaps in the fossil record of Phocoenidae. On the basis of extant and extinct species, intra-familial (Muizon, 1984(Muizon, , 1988aBarnes, 1985;Fajardo-Mellor, 2006;Lambert, 2008;Murakami et al, in press) and inter-familial (Muizon, 1984(Muizon, , 1988aHeyning, 1989Heyning, , 1997; Barnes, 1990;Arnold and Heinsohn, 1996;Messenger and McGuire, 1998;Geisler and Sanders, 2003;Geisler et al, 2011;Murakami et al, in press) relationships have been assessed by morphological cladistic analyses. However, no consensus has been reached on either intraor inter-familial relationships.…”

Papahu taitapu, gen. et sp. nov., an early Miocene stem odontocete (Cetacea) from New Zealand

“…Geisler and Sanders (2003;see also Geisler et al, 2011see also Geisler et al, , 2012 used a large * Corresponding author. data set of morphological characters and provided an alternative hypothesis to the widely accepted concept of Platanistoidea proposed by Muizon (1987), but relationships remain uncertain (Uhen et al, 2008;Murakami et al, 2012). The enigmatic Eurhinodelphinoidea has been tentatively placed as a sister clade to Delphinida (Muizon, 1991) and Ziphiidae (Lambert, 2005), but its affinities are poorly understood (Fordyce and Muizon, 2001).…”