“…In addition, the antifouling properties for the membrane can be modified by blending with inorganic nanoparticles such as Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , TiO 2 , Fe 3 O 4 , and carbon nanotubes [28][29][30][31]. In recent years, TiO 2 nanoparticles blend membranes have been fabricated by precipitating the nanoparticles on the surface of the porous membranes [3,32] or blending them with polymeric casting solution [14,33].…”