A New Approach to Diagnosis to Posterior Cross Bite: Intraoral Photography and Wala Ridge

Abstract

A posterior crossbite is an occlusion disorder that occurs in the transverse plane. It occurs when the buccal cusps of the upper premolars and molars engage lingually with the buccal cusps of the lower teeth. It can be unilateral or bilateral (involving one or more teeth) in the primary, mixed, or permanent dentition. A crossbite may appear in early dentition stages and it can be dental or functional. It can lead to skeletal crossbite in mixed dentition. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment are crucial. Material and methods: The selected sample included 204 patients in growing stage divided into two groups: a study group of 102 patients with posterior crossbite and a control group of 102 patients without malocclusion. To analyze the pathology, intraoral frontal photographs and study models were taken, in which the bone component was measured from the Wala Ridge. Results: The use of the photographs to study the Wala Ridge was confirmed. The mean maxillary width was 57.8 mm (SD 1.7) and mandibular width was 56.4 mm (SD 1.7) for the control group, with a maxillomandibular difference of 1.4 mm (SD 0.7); and 52.7 mm (SD 3.7) and 55.5 mm (SD 3.6), respectively, with a maxillomandibular difference of −2.8 mm (SD 1.4) for the study group. A higher maxillomandibular discrepancy was observed in patients with a posterior crossbite that involved more than one tooth in addition to the permanent first molar. It was also higher in patients with bilateral posterior crossbite. Conclusions: Intraoral frontal photography can be used as a diagnostic method to measure the maxillomandibular difference using the Wala Ridge.

Prevalence of Malocclusions in Down Syndrome Population: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…Another limitation consists in the fact that the assessment of cross-bite malocclusion did not consider the etiology of each arch. The literature indicates that in the majority of the cases in a healthy population, a cross-bite is usually adduced to a deficiency in jaw width [ 41 ], especially when unilateral [ 42 ]. Similarly, studies assessing craniofacial measurements of DS patients have suggested a maxillary hypoplasia, and a smaller maxilla characterized by a reduced anterior basal and apical dimension compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls [ 43 ].…”