A new approach to detecting gravitational waves via the coupling of gravity to the zero-point energy of the phonon modes of a superconductor

Inan, Nader

doi:10.1142/s0218271817430313

Cited by 17 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…It could be then possible to formulate (and observe) a possible interplay between the extended, coherent system and the surrounding gravitational field . In this regard, the coupling with the current flow without resistance in superconductors was exploited to use the latter as a sensitive detection systems, in particular for gravitational waves [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. Another remarkable phenomenon, showing quantum effects originating from the interaction of quantum particles with a weak-field gravitational background, is the gravity-induced quantum interference [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconductors and Gravity

Gallerati

Ummarino

2022

Symmetry

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We review and discuss some recent developments on the unconventional interaction between superconducting systems and the local gravitational field. While it is known that gravitational perturbations (such as gravitational waves) can affect supercondensates and supercurrents dynamics, we want to focus here on the more subtle superfluid back-reaction acting on the surrounding gravitational field, analysing some specific favourable situations. To this end, we will consider suitable quantum macrosystems in a coherent state, immersed in the static weak Earth’s gravitational field, investigating possible slight local alterations of the latter not explained in terms of classical physics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconductors and Gravity

Gallerati

Ummarino

2022

Symmetry

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“…By contrast, the Cooper pairs are completely nonlocalizable due to the uncertainty principle, and therefore it is forbidden in quantum mechanics for them to follow any classical trajectory, including the geodesics of general relativity. This difference in response of the Cooper pairs and lattice ions has been demonstrated quantitatively in [20] [21].…”

mentioning

confidence: 61%

“…then we conclude that for observing the DCE, and thus the generation of gravitational microwave radiation, the threshold pump power at a frequency of 10 GHz to be injected through the left hole of the "triple" paramp cavity of Figure 2, needs to be at least P thres ≈ 0.17 microwatts (21) which is easily achievable experimentally.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Dynamical Casimir effect and the possibility of laser-like generation of gravitational radiation

Chiao¹,

Sharping²,

Martinez³

et al. 2017

Preprint

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In this paper, we address the question as to whether or not measurable sources for gravitational waves could possibly be made in the laboratory. Based on an analogy of the dynamical Casimir effect with the stimulated emission of radiation in the laser, our answer to this question is in the affirmative, provided that superconducting radio-frequency cavities in fact possess high quality factors for both electromagnetic and gravitational microwave radiation, as one would expect due to a quantum-mechanical gravitational Meissner-like effect. In order to characterize the response of matter to tensor gravitational fields, we introduce a prefactor to the source term of the gravitational wave equation, which we call the "relative gravitational permeativity" analogous to the "relative electric permittivity" and "relative magnetic permeability" that characterize the vector response of matter to applied fields in electromagnetism. This allows for a possibly large quantum mechanical enhancement of the response of a superconductor to an incident tensor gravitational wave field. Finally, we describe our experimental work with high-Q superconducting radio-frequency cavities, and propose a design for a coupled-cavity system with a flexible superconducting membrane in its middle as its amplifying element. This will then allow us to test for a Meissner-like expulsion, and therefore reflection, of incident tensor gravitational wave fields, and, above a certain threshold, to generate coherent gravitational radiation via the dynamical Casimir effect.

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“…To first order in the metric perturbation, and first order in test mass velocity, (9) becomes γ ≈ 1 + h 00 /2 + h 0 j v j /c. Then (27) becomes…”

Section: London Equations Meissner Effects and Penetration Depthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternatively, a coordinate-invariant approach can be used which also applies to gravitational waves. This is discussed in [25], [26], [27].…”

Section: London Equations Meissner Effects and Penetration Depthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superconductor Meissner effects for gravito-electromagnetic fields in harmonic coordinates due to non-relativistic gravitational sources

Inan¹

2022

Preprint

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It is well known that a covariant Lagrangian for relativistic charged particles can lead to a vanishing Hamiltonian. Alternatively, it is shown that using a "space+time" Lagrangian leads to a new canonical momentum and minimal coupling rule that describes the coupling of both electromagnetic and gravitational fields to a relativistic charged particle. Discrepancies between Hamiltonians obtained by various authors are resolved. The canonical momentum leads to a new form of the London equations and London gauge. Using the linearized Einstein field equation in harmonic coordinates, and a non-relativistic ideal fluid, leads to gravito-electromagnetic field equations. These are used to obtain new penetration depths for both the magnetic and gravito-magnetic fields. A key result is that the gravito-magnetic field is expelled from a superconductor only when a magnetic field is also present. The flux quantum in the body of a superconductor, and the quantized supercurrent in a superconducting ring are derived. Lastly, the case of a superconducting ring in the presence of a charged rotating mass cylinder is used as an example of applying the formalism developed.

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A new approach to detecting gravitational waves via the coupling of gravity to the zero-point energy of the phonon modes of a superconductor

Cited by 17 publications

References 15 publications

Superconductors and Gravity

Superconductors and Gravity

Dynamical Casimir effect and the possibility of laser-like generation of gravitational radiation

Superconductor Meissner effects for gravito-electromagnetic fields in harmonic coordinates due to non-relativistic gravitational sources

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