A new approach for modeling dry deposition velocity of particles

Giardina, Mariarosa; Buffa, Pietro

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.02.038

Cited by 73 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Numerous review articles and technical papers have discussed the dry deposition process, including deposition schemes used in modelling systems, as well as methods used to describe or define deposition, deposition velocity and deposited amount 29,48,79,80 . Significant points regarding the influences of GI on dry deposition are summarised in Supplementary Section S1; the key message is that the influence of plant variation on deposition is largely determined by related variation in plant macromorphology and in the range of traits (including leaf physiology and micromorphology) that contribute toward surface resistance (Supplementary Section S1).…”

Section: Advantageous Aspects Of Gi For Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing vegetation barriers for urban air pollution abatement: a practical review for appropriate plant species selection

2020

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Vegetation can form a barrier between traffic emissions and adjacent areas, but the optimal configuration and plant composition of such green infrastructure (GI) are currently unclear. We examined the literature on aspects of GI that influence ambient air quality, with a particular focus on vegetation barriers in open-road environments. Findings were critically evaluated in order to identify principles for effective barrier design, and recommendations regarding plant selection were established with reference to relevant spatial scales. As an initial investigation into viable species for UK urban GI, we compiled data on 12 influential traits for 61 tree species, and created a supplementary plant selection framework. We found that if the scale of the intervention, the context and conditions of the site and the target air pollutant type are appreciated, the selection of plants that exhibit certain biophysical traits can enhance air pollution mitigation. For super-micrometre particles, advantageous leaf micromorphological traits include the presence of trichomes and ridges or grooves. Stomatal characteristics are more significant for sub-micrometre particle and gaseous pollutant uptake, although we found a comparative dearth of studies into such pollutants. Generally advantageous macromorphological traits include small leaf size and high leaf complexity, but optimal vegetation height, form and density depend on planting configuration with respect to the immediate physical environment. Biogenic volatile organic compound and pollen emissions can be minimised by appropriate species selection, although their significance varies with scale and context. While this review assembled evidence-based recommendations for practitioners, several important areas for future research were identified.

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Section: Advantageous Aspects Of Gi For Air Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing vegetation barriers for urban air pollution abatement: a practical review for appropriate plant species selection

2020

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“…Methods include mass subtraction [28,29], membrane filters [30][31][32][33][34], and elution weighing coupled with particle size analysis by electron microscopy [35][36][37][38][39][40], along with other direct measuring methods with aerosol instruments [41][42][43]. These studies largely analyze the deposition rate of PM on leaves [44,45], as well as changes in retention duration of different PM sizes on leaf surfaces [46]. Numerical simulations generally quantitatively analyze aerodynamic and deposition effects of vegetation on PM dispersion in built environments [47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56], or investigate the influences of outdoor PM diffusion into indoor spaces by constructing three dimensional models [57,58].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Vegetation Enhancement on Particulate Pollution Reduction: CFD Simulations in an Urban Park

Qin

Hong

Jiang

et al. 2019

Forests

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Vegetation in parks is regarded as a valuable way to reduce particulate pollution in urban environments but there is little quantitative information on its effectiveness. The aim of this study was to conduct on-site measurements and computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations to determine the aerodynamic and deposition effects of vegetation enhancement on particulate matter (PM) dispersions in an urban park in Xi’an, China. Initially, the airflow characteristics and deposition effects of vegetation were predicted and compared with measured air velocities and particulate pollution data to validate the numerical modeling. Then, associated coverage ratios and supplementary green areas (tree coverage ratio, crown volume coverage (CVC), and roof greening) were added to numerical simulations. After a series of numerical simulations and comparisons, results indicated that: (1) Numerical models with simplified vegetation method could reproduce the distribution of particulate matter concentrations in the real park environment; (2) with a tree coverage ratio >37.8% (or CVC > 1.8 m3/m2), the pedestrian-level PM2.5 could meet the World Health Organization’s air quality guidelines (IT-1) standards in the park; (3) roof greening on leeward buildings produced greater PM removal effects compared with windward buildings; and (4) the most economical and reasonable tree coverage ratio and CVC to reduce atmospheric PM in urban parks should be 30% and 1.8 m3/m2, respectively. These results are useful guidelines for urban planners towards a sustainable design of vegetation in urban parks.

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“…It can be concluded that the models including the qualitative variables showed very good fit qualities, being difficult to make a clear distinction among them based on their performance (that is, R 2 > 0.91 in all the cases). Anyway, those models including the environmental variables (i.e., models (11), (13), (15) and (17)) exhibited the best fits (with R 2 > 0.94) in comparison with models (7) and (9).…”

Section: Global Modementioning

confidence: 98%

“…In particular, the damage caused by atmospheric corrosion accounts for more than half of the total cost caused by the corrosion phenomena [1,3,4]. Metals are consumed by electrochemical reactions which rates depend on the exposure time (TEXP) but the phenomenon itself is very complex since is also highly dependent on numerous damage factors [4][5][6][7], each of which are extremely variable. These factors include natural air pollutants and anthropogenic sources [4,5], mainly sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), salinity (chlorides, CL) and other pollutants, such as 'particulate matter' or 'PM', as well as climatic factors such as relative humidity, time of wetness (TOW), temperature, rainfall and wind speed, but also physical characteristics such as shape and type of metal (ferrous or non-ferrous) [4,8], exposure angle [9,10], orientation [8][9][10][11][12] and geographic location [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Test-Panel Orientation and Exposure Angle on the Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel. Mathematical Modelling

Santana

Cano

Vasconcelos

2020

Metals

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The effects of both test-panel orientation and exposure angle on the atmospheric corrosion rates of carbon steel probes exposed to a marine atmosphere were investigated. Test samples were exposed in a tree-shape metallic frame with either three exposure angles of 30°, 45° and 60° and orientation north-northeast (N-NE), or eight different orientation angles around a circumference. It was found that the experimental corrosion rates of carbon steel decreased for the specimens exposed with greater exposure angles, whereas the highest corrosion rates were found for those oriented to N-NE due to the influence of the prevailing winds. The obtained data obtained were fitted using the bi-logarithmic law and its variations as to take in account the amounts of pollutants and the time of wetness (TOW) for each particular case with somewhat good agreement, although these models failed when all the effects were considered simultaneously. In this work, we propose a new mathematical model including qualitative variables to account for the effects of both exposure and orientation angles while producing the highest quality fits. The goodness of the fit was used to determine the performance of the mathematical models.

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A new approach for modeling dry deposition velocity of particles

Cited by 73 publications

References 40 publications

Designing vegetation barriers for urban air pollution abatement: a practical review for appropriate plant species selection

Designing vegetation barriers for urban air pollution abatement: a practical review for appropriate plant species selection

The Effect of Vegetation Enhancement on Particulate Pollution Reduction: CFD Simulations in an Urban Park

The Influence of Test-Panel Orientation and Exposure Angle on the Corrosion Rate of Carbon Steel. Mathematical Modelling

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