A new antibiotic combination for frozen bovine semen

Shin, Sung Jae; Lein, Donald H.; Patten, Van; Ruhnke, H L

doi:10.1016/s0093-691x(88)80006-2

Cited by 53 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…taurus, diluted in egg yolk extender (50 × 10 6 sperm per straw), were generously provided by Genex Cooperative, Inc., and stored in liquid nitrogen. The semen had been processed for cryopreservation as described by Senger et al [19], except that the antibiotics used by Senger et al [19] had been changed to a combination of gentamicin, tylosin, lincomycin, and spectinomycin [20]. For each experiment, three straws from one of four fertile Holstein bulls were thawed in 37°C water for 30 sec.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Bovine Sperm Interaction with Epithelium Differ Between Oviductal Isthmus and Ampulla

Ardón

Markello

et al. 2016

Biology of Reproduction

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In mammals, many sperm that reach the oviduct are held in a reservoir by binding to epithelium. To leave the reservoir, sperm detach from the epithelium; however, they may bind and detach again as they ascend into the ampulla toward oocytes. In order to elucidate the nature of binding interactions along the oviduct, we compared the effects of bursts of strong fluid flow (as would be caused by oviductal contractions), heparin, and hyperactivation on detachment of bovine sperm bound in vitro to epithelium on intact folds of isthmic and ampullar mucosa. Intact folds of oviductal mucosa were used to represent the strong attachments of epithelial cells to each other and to underlying connective tissue that exist in vivo. Effects of heparin on binding were tested because heparin binds to the Binder of SPerm (BSP) proteins that attach sperm to oviductal epithelium. Sperm bound by their heads to beating cilia on both isthmic and ampullar epithelia and could not be detached by strong bursts of fluid flow. Addition of heparin immediately detached sperm from isthmic epithelium but not ampullar epithelium. Addition of 4-aminopyridine immediately stimulated hyperactivation of sperm but did not detach them from isthmic or ampullar epithelium unless added with heparin. These observations indicate that the nature of binding of sperm to ampullar epithelium differs from that of binding to isthmic epithelium; specifically, sperm bound to isthmic epithelium can be detached by heparin alone, while sperm bound to ampullar epithelium requires both heparin and hyperactivation to detach from the epithelium.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of Bovine Sperm Interaction with Epithelium Differ Between Oviductal Isthmus and Ampulla

Ardón

Markello

et al. 2016

Biology of Reproduction

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“…2001). An alternative combination of antibiotics comprising of gentamycin, tylosin, lincomycin and spectinomycin (GTLS) added to extender was tested for bull semen for the first time by Shin et al. (1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This combination (GTLS) proved to be more efficient in eliminating bacteria like Mycoplasma bovis , Mycoplasma bovigenitalium , Ureaplasmas, Haemophilus somonus , Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis in bull semen (Shin et al. 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Antibiotics in Extender on Bacterial and Spermatozoal Quality of Cooled Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Bull Semen

Akhter

Ansari

Andrabi

et al. 2007

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The present study was designed to study the effect of traditional antibiotic combination (streptomycin and penicillin; SP) and relatively modern combination of antibiotics (gentamycin, tylosin, lincomycin and spectinomycin; GTLS) in extender on bacterial control and spermatozoal quality of liquid buffalo bull semen stored at 5 degrees C. Semen collected from Nili-Ravi buffalo bulls (n = 10) was diluted with skim milk extender containing either SP (streptomycin 1000 microg/ml and penicillin 1000 IU/ml), GTLS (gentamycin 500 microg/ml, tylosin 100 microg/ml, lincomycin 300 microg/ml and spectinomycin 600 microg/ml) or negative control with no antibiotics (NA). Liquid semen was stored at 5 degrees C for 5 days. Aerobic bacteria isolated from buffalo semen were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The only facultative anaerobic bacterium isolated was Klebsiella pneumoniae. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that Ps. aeruginosa and Staph. aureus were susceptible to gentamycin. Staphylococcus aureus and K. pneumoniae were susceptible to tylosin and linco-spectinomycin. Total aerobic bacterial count was significantly lower in semen samples treated with GTLS than those of SP on third and fifth day of storage at 5 degrees C. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in sperm motility, longevity and plasma membrane integrity (PMI) in extender containing SP or GTLS combination until the third day of storage at 5 degrees C. On fifth day of storage sperm motility, longevity and PMI was significantly better in extender containing SP compared with GTLS and NA. Intact acrosomes, and sperm head, mid piece and tail abnormalities remained similar (p > 0.05) because of antibiotics up to 5 days of storage. In conclusion, GTLS is more capable than SP for bacterial control of buffalo bull semen. Moreover, GTLS and SP are equally efficient in preserving spermatozoal quality of extended buffalo bull semen for 3 days at 5 degrees C.

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“…venerealis is further enhanced by the addition of antibiotics, specifically gentamicin, tylosin, and lincomycin/spectinomycin, to semen during routine processing procedures. 1,14 This practice is a secondary means of defense; maintaining a noninfected herd is the primary means of disease control. 13 International semen export requirements also mandate that individual bulls or the entire bull herd be negative for C. fetus subsp.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Transport Enrichment Medium, Transport Time, and Growth Medium on the Detection of Campylobacter Fetus subsp. Venerealis

et al. 2002

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Abstract. The combination of medium and growth conditions, including transport enrichment medium (TEM), transport time, TEM incubation time, and growth medium, that best support Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis while inhibiting contaminants was studied. The 3 TEMs evaluated, Weybridge, Cary-Blair, and 0.85% saline solution, were inoculated with preputial smegma spiked with C. fetus subsp. venerealis and held in the laboratory for 4 or 24 hours before inoculation onto growth medium. The effect of overnight incubation at 37 C of the TEM was also evaluated. Median scores of C. fetus subsp. venerealis growth and microbial contaminant inhibition were compared within TEM, transport time, overnight incubation, and growth medium groups using the Mann-Whitney U-test and the Kruskal-Wallis test. The proportion of samples with any growth or contamination within each group was also compared using the chi-square test. Results suggest that the growth of C. fetus subsp. venerealis was influenced by 3 of the 4 criteria evaluated. Weybridge TEM more effectively maintained the organism than did either Cary-Blair or 0.85% saline solution (P Ͻ 0.001). Transport time of 4 hours rather than 24 hours (P Ͻ 0.001) and avoiding overnight incubation of TEM at 37 C (P Ͻ 0.001) were associated with improved growth. Significant differences were not identified among growth media; however, Skirrow Campylobacter agar appeared to yield slightly better growth than did either blood agar or Greenbriar Plus agar. Contaminant growth was also influenced by 3 of the 4 variables. Weybridge TEM inhibited contaminant growth more effectively than did either Cary-Blair or 0.85% saline solution (P Ͻ 0.001). Transport time was not associated with contaminant growth. Eliminating overnight incubation of TEM reduced contamination (P Ͻ 0.01). Skirrow agar was preferred to both blood agar and Greenbriar Plus agar for suppression of contaminants on solid medium (P Ͻ 0.001). These results suggest that the detection of C. fetus subsp. venerealis is enhanced when preputial smegma samples arrive at the diagnostic laboratory within 4 hours after inoculation into Weybridge TEM and are transferred to Skirrow agar the same day they arrive in the laboratory.Bovine genital campylobacteriosis is a contagious venereal disease caused by Campylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis. This gram-negative, microaerophilic, motile, spiral-shaped rod is harbored in the proximal preputial cavity of bulls and in the genital tract of cows. 3 Transmission of the bacterium occurs mechanically between cows and bulls during coitus, by contaminated semen used for artificial insemination, or between bulls through contact with either contaminated bedding or contaminated semen-collection equipment. 1,6 Campylobacteriosis in the cow or heifer causes irregular estrous cycles, uterine infections that prevent conception, and early embryonic death. 1,6,8 Most cows recover from infection and begin estrous cycles after several months, but the herd experiences a decreased pregnancy rate and a prolonged ca...

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A new antibiotic combination for frozen bovine semen

Cited by 53 publications

References 13 publications

Dynamics of Bovine Sperm Interaction with Epithelium Differ Between Oviductal Isthmus and Ampulla

Dynamics of Bovine Sperm Interaction with Epithelium Differ Between Oviductal Isthmus and Ampulla

Effect of Antibiotics in Extender on Bacterial and Spermatozoal Quality of Cooled Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Bull Semen

Effect of Transport Enrichment Medium, Transport Time, and Growth Medium on the Detection of Campylobacter Fetus subsp. Venerealis

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