A new algorithm to prevent maloperation of distance protection zone 3 during wide-area disturbances

Abstract

Summary This paper presents a new algorithm to avoid cascading tripping of interconnected transmission lines caused by maloperation of zone 3 distance relay during major power system disturbances. Blocking of zone 3 distance relay and the application of static var compensator controllers are the 2 corrective actions that proposed algorithm use to protect the power system from cascade tripping. Distance relay zone 3 blocking is achieved using real‐time information about the balance between generation and load in each area of the power system. However, the static var compensator controller allows injecting, rapidly and efficiently, necessary reactive power in the system to mitigate the disturbance development during the blockage of the distance relay protection. Results of dynamic simulation on 400 kV Turkish transmission system, using SECRE software, are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Simulation results clearly indicate that the use of this algorithm can improve reliability of zone 3 distance relay operation, enhance the stable operation of power system, and can limit the spread of cascading outages during wide‐area disturbance.

A New Adaptive Underfrequency Load Shedding Scheme to Improve Frequency Stability in Electric Power System

“…These latter are located at both ends of the tie lines. The parameters of these transmission lines and distance relays impedance zones are summarized in the appendix [39]. Mho characteristics were also considered in the simulation.…”

“…Transmission lines may usually protect by three zones of protection (Figure 2). The setting of each zone varies according to the philosophy and criteria of each utility [33,34]. For the Turkish power system [35], Zone 1 is defined to cover 80% of the line length AB and the relay functions without intentional time delay.…”

“…Signals from the global positioning system are used to achieve synchronization by same time sampling of voltage and current wave forms. Figure 7, of the previous work [39], depicts trajectory of the impedance seen by the distance relay located at substation 1. We can see that the load is increased up to the maximum power value available (1625 MVA).…”

“…We can see that the load is increased up to the maximum power value available (1625 MVA). The results are analyzed in the reference [39].…”

Three zone detection and distance relay co-ordination of power system protection

“…IEEE 9 bus system single line diagram is shown in Figure 2. PV source each generates active power at various voltages [23] and dissimilar capacity of step up transformers are interconnected to each other. Individual transformer secondaries are maintained at 230 kV.…”