“…Within lymphoedema research, water displacement is still considered the gold standard, or reference standard, of volume measurement (Devoogdt et al, 2010;Lee, Boland, Czerniec, & Kilbreath, 2011;Adriaenssens, Buyl, Lievens, Fontaine, & Lamote, 2013;Öhberg et al, 2014;Buffa et al, 2015;Mori, Lustman, & Katz-Leurer, 2015;Hidding et al, 2016;Levenhagen et al, 2017), however, there is growing disagreement to this statement (Adriaenssens et al, 2013;Lu, Han, DeSouza, Armer, & Shyu, 2014). Water displacement is easy to perform, painless, able to measure objects with an irregular shape and is highly sensitive, thus able to detect small volume changes (Chen, Tsai, Hung, & Tsauo, 2008;Tewari et al, 2008;Perdomo et al, 2014).…”