A new adaptive coordination scheme of distance relays in DFIG ‐ based wind farm collector lines and transmission line compensated by STATCOM

Abstract

This paper proposes an adaptive characteristic for eliminating the adverse effects of fault resistance and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) on the performance of distance relays in transmission line and collector lines of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farms in the case of singlephase-to-ground resistive faults. The proposed method improves the performance in distance relaying and maintains the coordination between relay pairs in the transmission line and wind farm collector lines. In this method, an adaptive coefficient that can modify the zone settings of conventional distance relays is added to their characteristic to improve the accuracy and coordination under the mentioned conditions. Using analytical relationships and numerical results from simulations in Matlab/Simulink environment, the efficiency of the proposed method is confirmed.

Wide-Area Backup Protection Against Asymmetrical Faults in the Presence of Renewable Energy Sources

“…Full network observability is not a prerequisite for the proposed scheme to function properly. However, the variance of the estimated unknowns in (10) can be obtained by [39], which means a greater number of PMUs provides higher accuracy. Further simulations show that installing a PMU in poorly PMU- This also shows that missing data of a few PMUs would not adversely affect the scheme's performance.…”

“…For instance, the distinctive negative-sequence fault current contribution of renewables can easily mislead the negative-sequence overcurrent and communication-assisted protections following asymmetrical faults [6,7]. Improving the reliability of protection schemes in the presence of renewable energy sources has received remarkable attention in recent years [8][9][10][11]. To overcome the protection challenges introduced by renewables, more sophisticated local/wide-area schemes with adaptive features are needed.…”