“…The formulation is a nonlinear finite element approach that can be used for a wide variety of applications; however, it has been mostly used for beam-and platelike structures [9]. Some of the most recent developments include enhancements in numerical performance [14,18,20,34]. Applications of the ANCF include soft machines [13], biological tissues [29,30], cables and wires [12,19], pneumatic elements [37], dielectric elastomer actuators [24], railroad track structures [33], and rotating shafts [4].…”