A neural system for human visual working memory

Ungerleider, Leslie G.; Courtney, Susan; Haxby, James V.

doi:10.1073/pnas.95.3.883

Cited by 612 publications

(418 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…The occipital, inferior temporal, and inferior parietal activity observed is also consistent with the activation patterns in adults with AD (Baron-Cohen et al 1994) and implicates spatial visual processing pathways (Ungerleider et al 1998). The parietal and medial temporal regions are involved in complex processing of visual stimuli and visual attention.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Functional Evaluation of Hidden Figures Object Analysis in Children with Autistic Disorder

Malisza

Clancy

Shiloff

et al. 2010

J Autism Dev Disord

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Functional Evaluation of Hidden Figures Object Analysis in Children with Autistic Disorder

Malisza

Clancy

Shiloff

et al. 2010

J Autism Dev Disord

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“…Similarly, functional neuroimaging (SPECT, PET, FMRI) has consistently identified prefrontal and temporal brain activation during working memory performance (41,42,(67)(68)(69)(70)(71)(72). This study probed working memory via the N-Back paradigm adapted for FMRI and demonstrated that the same cortical structures were involved.…”

Section: Fmri In Childhood-onset Sle 4159mentioning

confidence: 80%

Functional magnetic resonance imaging assessment of cognitive function in childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus: A pilot study

DiFrancesco

Holland

Ris

et al. 2007

Arthritis & Rheumatism

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Objective. To investigate changes in brain activation patterns detected by functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI), and the relationship between FMRI activation patterns and results of formal neuropsychological testing, in patients with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods. Ten patients with childhood-onset SLE underwent formal neuropsychological testing and FMRI using 3 paradigms: a continuous performance task (CPT) to evaluate attention, an N-Back task to assess working memory, and verb generation to evaluate language processing. Composite Z maps were generated to summarize the brain activation patterns for each FMRI paradigm in patients with childhood-onset SLE and to compare these patterns with those observed in healthy controls. Between-group comparison Z maps showing differences in activation between childhood-onset SLE patients and controls were generated, using a significance level of P < 0.05 in a general linear model.Results. Compared with the control group, the childhood-onset SLE group showed statistically significant increased activation of brain areas involved in the CPT, N-Back, and verb generation tasks. In contrast, in the absence of active stimulus, e.g., during times of the paradigm control tasks, childhood-onset SLE patients consistently undersuppressed activity in the expected brain areas. Activation in selected cortical areas was found to correlate negatively with results of a subset of individual neuropsychological test scores.Conclusion. FMRI abnormalities are present in childhood-onset SLE, manifesting as an imbalance between active and inhibitory responses to an array of stimuli. Differences in brain activation patterns compared with those observed in controls suggest that childhood-onset SLE may be associated with abnormalities in white matter connectivity resulting in neuronal network dysfunction, rather than injury of specific gray matter areas.Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is among the most severe pediatric rheumatic diseases ("pediatric" defined as onset prior to age 16). Often diagnosed in US females of minority populations, SLE is associated with significant morbidity and at least 10 times higher mortality than that of the age-matched general population (1). The reported prevalence of neuropsychiatric involvement in SLE (NPSLE) varies between 15% and 95% (2,3), and children with SLE tend to exhibit a more severe phenotype than adults (4).

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“…Consistent with this idea of retrieval, Silk et al (2010) have suggested that the motor planning map retained by neural activity in the right SMG is used as a basis for the control of attentional shifts. This highlights the close association that has been found to exist between the mechanisms of memory and attention in the PPC proposed by many studies (Jonides, Smith, Koeppe, Awh, Minoshima & Mintun, 1993;Smith & Jonides, 1997;Courtney, Ungerleider, Keil & Haxby, 1997;Vandenburgh et al, 1996;Nobre et al, 1997;Ungerleider, Courtney & Haxby, 1998;Kessels, d'Alfonso, Postma & de Haan, 2000;Corbetta et al, 2000;Hussain et al, 2001;Rizzolatti & Matelli, 2003: Koch, Oliveri, Torriero, Carlesimo, Turriziani & Caltagirone, 2005Curtis, 2006;Van Asselen, Kesseks, Neggers, Kapelle, Frijns & Postma, 2006;Berryhill & Olson, 2008a,b;Olson & Berryhill, 2009;Cabeza, Ciaramelli & Moscovitch, 2012;Corbetta & Shulman, 2002;Singh-Curry & Husain, 2009). One view is that attention and memory rely upon overlapping cortical networks sharing common neural resources within the PPC (Awh, Jonides & Reuter-Lorenz, 1998;Awh, Vogel & Oh, 2006;Postle Awh, Jonides, Smith & D'Esposito, 2004;Theeuwes, Belopolsky & Olivers, 2009).…”

Section: Dorso-parietal Versus Ventro-parietal Processing Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 91%

The contribution of the right supra-marginal gyrus to sequence learning in eye movements

et al. 2013

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We investigated the role of the human right Supra-Marginal Gyrus (SMG) in the generation of learned eye movement sequences. Using MRI-guided transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) we disrupted neural activity in the SMG whilst human observers performed saccadic eye movements to multiple presentations of either predictable or random target sequences. For the predictable sequences we observed shorter saccadic latencies from the second presentation of the sequence. However, these anticipatory improvements in performance were significantly reduced when TMS was delivered to the right SMG during the inter-trial retention periods. No deficits were induced when TMS was delivered concurrently with the onset of the target visual stimuli. For the random version of the task, neither delivery of TMS to the SMG during the inter-trial period nor during the presentation of the target visual stimuli produced any deficit in performance that was significantly different from the no-TMS or control conditions. These findings demonstrate that neural activity within the right SMG is causally linked to the ability to perform short latency predictive saccades resulting from sequence learning. We conclude that neural activity in rSMG constitutes an instruction set with spatial and temporal directives that are retained and subsequently released for predictive motor planning and responses.3

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A neural system for human visual working memory

Cited by 612 publications

References 74 publications

Functional Evaluation of Hidden Figures Object Analysis in Children with Autistic Disorder

Functional Evaluation of Hidden Figures Object Analysis in Children with Autistic Disorder

Functional magnetic resonance imaging assessment of cognitive function in childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus: A pilot study

The contribution of the right supra-marginal gyrus to sequence learning in eye movements

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