A neural basis for lexical retrieval

Damásio, Hanna; Grabowski, Thomas J.; Tranel, Daniel; Hichwa, Richard D.; Damásio, António R.

doi:10.1038/380499a0

Cited by 1,361 publications

(990 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The hypothesis that the anterior temporal lobes function as a cross-modal "hub" is supported by neuroanatomical observations (Gloor, 1997), functional neuroimaging data (H. Damasio et al, 1996;Gauthier, Anderson, Tarr, Skudlarski, & Gore, 1997;Gorno-Tempini, Wenman, Price, Rudge, & Cipolotti, 2001;Nakamura et al, 2001;Rogers et al, 2006;Scott, Leff, & Wise, 2003), and computational arguments (Rogers, Lambon Ralph, & Garrard, et al, 2004;, in addition to neuropsychological observations from SD (Adlam, Patterson, Rogers, Salmond, & Hodges, 2006;Bozeat et al, 2000;Bozeat, Lambon Ralph, Patterson, & Hodges, 2002;Patterson et al, 2006;Rogers, Lambon Ralph, Hodges, & Patterson, 2004). …”

Section: The Pdp Theorymentioning

confidence: 94%

Object categorization: Reversals and explanations of the basic-level advantage.

Rogers

Patterson²

2007

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

166

163

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People are generally faster and more accurate to name or categorize objects at the basic level (e.g., dog) relative to more general (animal) or specific (collie) levels, an effect replicated in Experiment 1 for categorization of object pictures. To some, this pattern suggests a dual-process mechanism, in which objects first activate basic-level categories directly and later engage more general or specific categories through the spread of activation in a processing hierarchy. This account is, however, challenged by data from Experiment 2 showing that neuropsychological patients with impairments of conceptual knowledge categorize more accurately at superordinate levels than at the basic level-suggesting that knowledge about an object's general nature does not depend on prior basic-level categorization. The authors consider how a parallel distributed processing theory of conceptual knowledge can reconcile the apparent discrepancy. This theory predicts that if healthy individuals are encouraged to make rapid categorization responses, the usual basic Ͼ general advantage should also reverse, a prediction tested and confirmed in Experiment 3. Implications for theories of visual object recognition are discussed.

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Section: The Pdp Theorymentioning

confidence: 94%

Object categorization: Reversals and explanations of the basic-level advantage.

Rogers

Patterson²

2007

Journal of Experimental Psychology: General

166

163

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“…They demonstrated that visual words produced large negative field potentials within the anterior portion of the left medial temporal lobe, in relation to orthographically illegal non-words. In a similar vein, neurological studies have shown that naming failures that are lexical in nature occur when a patient can describe and define an object, thus providing a semantic meaning of it, yet fail to produce its specific name (Carmazza, 1996;Damassio et al, 1996). Imaging studies as well as anatomical correlations have pointed to left temporal lobe involvement in lexical representation (Damassio et al, 1996).…”

Section: Attention and Semantic Processesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In a similar vein, neurological studies have shown that naming failures that are lexical in nature occur when a patient can describe and define an object, thus providing a semantic meaning of it, yet fail to produce its specific name (Carmazza, 1996;Damassio et al, 1996). Imaging studies as well as anatomical correlations have pointed to left temporal lobe involvement in lexical representation (Damassio et al, 1996). By contrast, structures of the left and right hemispheres support the distributed sets of conceptual features that provide meaning to words, and these features are thought to be collected in the left temporal lobe for further lexical processing and, ultimately, for speech production (Carmazza, 1996).…”

Section: Attention and Semantic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In patients with schizophrenia, a number of independent lines of evidence has pointed to abnormalities in brain regions very near if not overlapping with those identified as converging areas for lexical representation (Damassio et al, 1996). In particular, MRI studies of patients with schizophrenia have revealed reduced temporal lobe volume, including medial temporal lobe and posterior superior temporal gyrus (McCarley et al, 1999).…”

Section: Attention and Semantic Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Semantic disturbance in schizophrenia and its relationship to the cognitive neuroscience of attention

Nestor

Han

Niznikiewicz

et al. 2001

Biological Psychology

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We view schizophrenia as producing a failure of attentional modulation that leads to a breakdown in the selective enhancement or inhibition of semantic/lexical representations whose biological substrata are widely distributed across left (dominant) temporal and frontal lobes. Supporting behavioral evidence includes word recall studies that have pointed to a disturbance in connectivity (associative strength) but not network size (number of associates) in patients with schizophrenia. Paralleling these findings are recent neural network simulation studies of the abnormal connectivity effect in schizophrenia through 'lesioning' network connection weights while holding constant network size. Supporting evidence at the level of biology are in vitro studies examining N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists on recurrent inhibition; simulations in neural populations with realistically modeled biophysical properties show NMDA antagonists produce a schizophrenialike disturbance in pattern association. We propose a similar failure of NMDA-mediated recurrent inhibition as a candidate biological substrate for attention and semantic anomalies of schizophrenia.

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“…These maps show little variation in response over the slice except for the contrast map obtained with the L-prior which has a cluster of large values in left anterior temporal cortex. Damage to this part of the brain is often associated with loss of personal knowledge, e.g., an inability to name famous faces (Damasio et al, 1996). The voxel in the center of this activated region (x = À42, y = À3, z = À18 mm) has an estimated effect size of 1.9%.…”

Section: Face-repetition Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian fMRI time series analysis with spatial priors

Penny¹,

Trujillo-Barreto

Friston³

2005

NeuroImage

232

295

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We describe a Bayesian estimation and inference procedure for fMRI time series based on the use of General Linear Models (GLMs). Importantly, we use a spatial prior on regression coefficients which embodies our prior knowledge that evoked responses are spatially contiguous and locally homogeneous. Further, using a computationally efficient Variational Bayes framework, we are able to let the data determine the optimal amount of smoothing. We assume an arbitrary order Auto-Regressive (AR) model for the errors. Our model generalizes earlier work on voxel-wise estimation of GLM-AR models and inference in GLMs using Posterior Probability Maps (PPMs). Results are shown on simulated data and on data from an event-related fMRI experiment. D 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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A neural basis for lexical retrieval

Cited by 1,361 publications

References 42 publications

Object categorization: Reversals and explanations of the basic-level advantage.

Object categorization: Reversals and explanations of the basic-level advantage.

Semantic disturbance in schizophrenia and its relationship to the cognitive neuroscience of attention

Bayesian fMRI time series analysis with spatial priors

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