A Network Analysis to Identify Associations between PTSD and Dissociation among Teenagers

Cardeña, Etzel; Gušić, Sabina; Cervin, Matti

doi:10.1080/15299732.2021.1989122

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…As for depersonalization and PTSD, a positive relationship was identified between the two variables, which is also supported by previous studies where a robust correlation between Depersonalization/Derealization and Post Traumatic Stress was established [70]. In addition, a paper studying the relationship between PTSD and Dissociation found that adolescents who have been subjected to mistreatment tend to have a co-occurrence of PTSD and depersonalization/derealization at higher rates than adult [78].…”

Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Our results also found a correlation between dissociative absorption and PTSD. This might appear surprising because this symptom has been widely accepted as normative dissociation because absorption is linked to creative, hypnotic, and other non-pathological processes, whereas other dissociative events are more intimately linked to psychopathology [70]. It has been demonstrated that there is a modest positive relationship between absorption and Post Traumatic Stress in less traumatized populations, but not in highly traumatized groups [70].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This might appear surprising because this symptom has been widely accepted as normative dissociation because absorption is linked to creative, hypnotic, and other non-pathological processes, whereas other dissociative events are more intimately linked to psychopathology [70]. It has been demonstrated that there is a modest positive relationship between absorption and Post Traumatic Stress in less traumatized populations, but not in highly traumatized groups [70]. Furthermore, some findings indicated that greater absorption could help predict the diagnosis of PTSD: those results support the theory that absorption may be a risk factor for the development of dissociation and posttraumatic stress symptoms following traumatic exposure [71].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissociative experiences among Lebanese university students: Association with mental health issues, the economic crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Beirut port explosion

Mhanna

Zouki²,

Chahine³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Background Dissociative experiences are psychological manifestations characterized by a loss of connection and continuity between thoughts, emotions, environment, behavior, and identity. Lebanon has been facing indescribable events in the last few years, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the Beirut explosion, a crushing economic crisis with the highest inflation rate the country has known in over three decades. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between dissociative experiences and post-traumatic stress symptoms from the economic crisis, the Beirut blast, the COVID-19 pandemic, and other mental health issues in a sample of Lebanese university students. Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 419 active university students (18–35 years) from all over Lebanon (May and August 2021). The respondents received the online soft copy of a survey by a snowball sampling technique through social media and messaging apps. The questionnaire included sociodemographic data, the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES-II), the PTSD Checklist Specific Version (PCL-S), the Financial Wellbeing Scale, the Beirut Distress Scale, the Lebanese Anxiety Scale, the Patient Health Questionnaire. Results The two-factor model of the DES fitted best according to CFI, RMSEA and χ2/df values, but modestly according to TLI. The two factors were absorption and amnesia/depersonalization. Higher stress (Beta = 0.95) and more PTSD from the Beirut blast (Beta = 0.29) and from the economic crisis (Beta = 0.23) were significantly associated with more absorption. A personal history of depression (Beta = 6.03), higher stress (Beta = 0.36) and more PTSD from the Beirut blast (Beta = 0.27) and from the COVID-19 pandemic (Beta = 0.16) were significantly associated with more amnesia/depersonalization. Conclusion Significant rates of dissociative experiences and their sub-manifestations (amnesia/depersonalization and absorption) were found among Lebanese university students, with remarkable co-occurrence of a traumatic/stressful pattern, whether on an individual (history of PTSD) or a collective level (Post-traumatic manifestations from Beirut blast, COVID-19 pandemic and/or economic crisis), or whether correlated to an acute single event or to certain chronic stressors, or even to a personal history of depression. Such findings must raise the attention to serious mental and psychosocial alteration in the Lebanese national identity.

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Section: Plos Onesupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

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Dissociative experiences among Lebanese university students: Association with mental health issues, the economic crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Beirut port explosion

Mhanna

Zouki²,

Chahine³

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Items such as “I had difficulty concentrating” and “My mind went blank” can disrupt functioning, even though they belong to the subscales Arousal and Dissociation. The third and fourth factors contained items from the dissociation subscale, which strengthens the evidence that dissociative symptoms cannot be subsumed under other categories such as arousal or avoidance (for a network analysis in support of this contention see Cardeña et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Acute Stress among Nurses in Sweden during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Palmborg

Lötvall

Cardeña

2022

European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation

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“…3,8 Dissociation has previously been partitioned into compartmentalisation and experiential detachment; 4,16 however, recent evidence from network analyses of dissociative experiences has extended this to include absorption (becoming absorbed in an external stimulus or one's own imagination to the point of reduced awareness of self and surroundings) and depersonalisation/derealisation. 17,18 In compartmentalisation, individuals lose the ability to govern processes or actions over which they would normally have control; it is theorised to underpin FND-seizures and dissociative amnesia, for example. 19 In detachment, individuals 'detach' from the ordinary sense of integration of self, body or external environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissociation and its biological and clinical associations in functional neurological disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Background Studies have reported elevated rates of dissociative symptoms and comorbid dissociative disorders in functional neurological disorder (FND); however, a comprehensive review is lacking. Aims To systematically review the severity of dissociative symptoms and prevalence of comorbid dissociative disorders in FND and summarise their biological and clinical associations. Method We searched Embase, PsycInfo and MEDLINE up to June 2021, combining terms for FND and dissociation. Studies were eligible if reporting dissociative symptom scores or rates of comorbid dissociative disorder in FND samples. Risk of bias was appraised using modified Newcastle–Ottawa criteria. The findings were synthesised qualitatively and dissociative symptom scores were included in a meta-analysis (PROSPERO CRD42020173263). Results Seventy-five studies were eligible (FND n = 3940; control n = 3073), most commonly prospective case–control studies (k = 54). Dissociative disorders were frequently comorbid in FND. Psychoform dissociation was elevated in FND compared with healthy (g = 0.90, 95% CI 0.66–1.14, I2 = 70%) and neurological controls (g = 0.56, 95% CI 0.19–0.92, I2 = 67%). Greater psychoform dissociation was observed in FND samples with seizure symptoms versus healthy controls (g = 0.94, 95% CI 0.65–1.22, I2 = 42%) and FND samples with motor symptoms (g = 0.40, 95% CI −0.18 to 1.00, I2 = 54%). Somatoform dissociation was elevated in FND versus healthy controls (g = 1.80, 95% CI 1.25–2.34, I2 = 75%). Dissociation in FND was associated with more severe functional symptoms, worse quality of life and brain alterations. Conclusions Our findings highlight the potential clinical utility of assessing patients with FND for dissociative symptomatology. However, fewer studies investigated FND samples with motor symptoms and heterogeneity between studies and risk of bias were high. Rigorous investigation of the prevalence, features and mechanistic relevance of dissociation in FND is needed.

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A Network Analysis to Identify Associations between PTSD and Dissociation among Teenagers

Cited by 12 publications

References 44 publications

Dissociative experiences among Lebanese university students: Association with mental health issues, the economic crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Beirut port explosion

Dissociative experiences among Lebanese university students: Association with mental health issues, the economic crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, and the Beirut port explosion

Acute Stress among Nurses in Sweden during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Dissociation and its biological and clinical associations in functional neurological disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis

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