A nematicidal toxin fromPleurotus ostreatus NRRL 3526

Kwok, O. C. H.; Plattner, R. D.; Weisleder, David; Wicklow, Donald T.

doi:10.1007/bf00993748

Cited by 125 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Despite extensive efforts from a number of different laboratories, the results have been confusing (11). The only nematotoxic compounds identified so far from nematophagous fungi are fatty acids, including linoleic acid (12,22). The observations that recombinant PII immobilized free-living nematodes in vitro indicate that PII can function as a nematotoxic compound.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Traces of genomic DNA were digested by RQ1 DNase (Promega). First-strand synthesis was performed in 10-l reaction mixtures by using oligo(dT) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] primer (Gibco/BRL), 2 l of total RNA, 30 U of RNasin RNase inhibitor (Promega), and 100 U of Superscript II RNaseH reverse transcriptase (Gibco/BRL) with other conditions according to the manufacturer. After termination, the first-strand product was diluted by adding 20 l of 1ϫ first-strand buffer (Gibco/BRL).…”

Section: Organisms and Plasmidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Pathogenicity of a Nematode-Trapping Fungus by Genetic Engineering of a Subtilisin with Nematotoxic Activity

Åhman

Johansson

Olsson

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

143

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Nematophagous fungi are soil-living fungi that are used as biological control agents of plant and animal parasitic nematodes. Their potential could be improved by genetic engineering, but the lack of information about the molecular background of the infection has precluded this development. In this paper we report that a subtilisin-like extracellular serine protease designated PII is an important pathogenicity factor in the common nematode-trapping fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora. The transcript of PII was not detected during the early stages of infection (adhesion and penetration), but high levels were expressed concurrent with the killing and colonization of the nematode. Disruption of the PII gene by homologous recombination had a limited effect on the pathogenicity of the fungus. However, mutants containing additional copies of the PII gene developed a higher number of infection structures and had an increased speed of capturing and killing nematodes compared to the wild type. The paralyzing activity of PII was verified by demonstrating that a heterologousproduced PII (in Aspergillus niger) had a nematotoxic activity when added to free-living nematodes. The toxic activity of PII was significantly higher than that of other commercially available serine proteases. This is the first report showing that genetic engineering can be used to improve the pathogenicity of a nematode-trapping fungus. In the future it should be possible to express recombinant subtilisins with nematicidal activity in other organisms that are present in the habitat of parasitic nematodes (e.g., host plant).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Organisms and Plasmidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Pathogenicity of a Nematode-Trapping Fungus by Genetic Engineering of a Subtilisin with Nematotoxic Activity

Åhman

Johansson

Olsson

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

143

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show abstract

“…This fungus is cultivated because it tastes good and has a high nutritional value. It has the ability to kill nematodes with a known toxin named trans-2-decenedioic acid (Kwok et al, 1992) and linoleic acid (Webster and Weber, 2007).…”

Section: Rot Fungi Isolated From Cocoamentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cocoa Pod Husk Compost Produced Using Rot Fungi on the Growth of Cocoa Seedlings

Asrul¹,

Rahim

Kuswinanti³

et al. 2018

OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences

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Rot fungi have the ability to decompose organic materials into simple compounds or elements as nutrients for plants. In the process, rot fungi produce secondary metabolites and absorb phosphate from their substrates so that the phosphate become available to plants. The purpose of this study was to identify the species of rot fungi isolated from decaying cocoa stems and to determine the ability of the rot fungi insolubilizing phosphate and the effect of the husk compost on the growth of cocoa seedlings. The rot fungi were isolated and purified before they were grown on solid Pikovskaya's media amended with 0.5% tricalcium phosphate (Ca 3 PO 4 ) as a phosphate source. In addition, the effects of compost addition to growth medium (soil: compost = 2:1) on cocoa seedling growth was also determined. The results showed that there were eight species of rot fungi isolated from dead cocoa trees: Mycena sp., Lycoperdon sp., Auricularia sp., Schizoshyllum sp., Coprinus sp., Tremetes sp., Pleurotus sp. and Tremella sp. All isolates were capable of solubilizing phosphate from substrates but amongst all isolates, Lycoperdon sp. and Pleurotus sp. were the most effective in solubilizing phosphate, 3,198 and 3,094 µg L −1 , respectively. Effect of the compost produced using these two rot fungi on plant growth variables: the ratio of leaf area, plant dry weight, root canopy ratio and net assimilation rate, were comparable to chemical fertilizers. Thus, Lycoperdon sp. and Pleurotus sp. are promising decomposing agents for producing high quality compost made from cocoa pod husks as an alternative to inorganic fertilizers.

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“…Kwok et al [10] cited that P. ostreatus and related species have specialized cells in hyphae capable of producing droplets of a substance containing toxins. The nematode when in contact with this substance suffers paralysis and lysis of the cuticle.…”

Section: Thorn and Barronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predatory Activity of the Fungus Pleurotus eryngii on Ancylostoma caninum Infective Larvae

Braga¹

2015

SOJVS

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A nematicidal toxin fromPleurotus ostreatus NRRL 3526

Cited by 125 publications

References 15 publications

Improving the Pathogenicity of a Nematode-Trapping Fungus by Genetic Engineering of a Subtilisin with Nematotoxic Activity

Improving the Pathogenicity of a Nematode-Trapping Fungus by Genetic Engineering of a Subtilisin with Nematotoxic Activity

Effect of Cocoa Pod Husk Compost Produced Using Rot Fungi on the Growth of Cocoa Seedlings

Predatory Activity of the Fungus Pleurotus eryngii on Ancylostoma caninum Infective Larvae

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