A needs assessment of unused and expired medication disposal practices: A study from the Medication Safety Research Network of Indiana

Kozak, Mary Ann; Melton, Johnna R.; Gernant, Stephanie A.; Snyder, Margie E.

doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2015.05.013

Cited by 41 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…[8,12,20,21,22] Content validation of the questionnaire was carried out by 5 pharmacists who had experience in running MRP. Questionnaire content was edited according to their feedback.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Utilization of Ministry of Health Medication Return Programme, Knowledge and Disposal Practice of Unused Medication in Malaysia

Yang¹,

Tan²,

Goh³

et al. 2018

JPPCM

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Objective: (1) To report the awareness on MRP and its utilization rate. (2) To assess environment awareness with regards to improper disposal. (3) To explore practices toward unused medication. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 33 out-patient pharmacies in Sabah healthcare facilities. Quota sampling was used to recruit 244 subjects. Data collector from each facility was identified and trained prior to data collection. Self-reporting questionnaire captured data of socio-demographic, awareness on MRP and patient's knowledge and practice towards unused medication. Independent t-test and chi square test were performed to detect differences and association. Result: Subject mean (SD) age was 45.1(15.5) years and almost two-third (60%) of the subjects were female. Majority (73%, 95%CI 67-78%) knew that inappropriate disposal of medication will cause environmental hazard. Only 54% (95% CI 47-60%) had heard of MRP, 26% (95%CI 21-32%) had utilized MRP to return unused medication.Subject's awareness on environmental hazard and MRP were associated with their practice to return unused medication (p=0.001 and p<0.001 respectively). Mean years of education and median family income were significantly different between the aware and unaware group respectively [11.3(6.0) vs 8.9(4.5) yrs, p=0.003; RM2000 vs RM1260, p<0.001]. The most common unused medication were analgesics (27.1%), antihypertensive (24.4%), antiglycemic (14.7%) and supplements (12%). The two predominant methods to "dispose" unused medication at home were through garbage (47.8%) and return to healthcare facilities (30.0%). Conclusion: This study has established the evidence for public awareness on MRP, environment awareness and disposal practice of Malaysian citizen. Creative and innovative recommendations have been made for MRP promotion and to improve public knowledge on safety disposal of unused medication.

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“…[8,12,20,21,22] Content validation of the questionnaire was carried out by 5 pharmacists who had experience in running MRP. Questionnaire content was edited according to their feedback.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7] A US-based study reported that 40% of patients were aware of a proper location to send unused medication and only 15% had utilized it. [8] However, these findings had its limitation and cannot be generalized to Malaysian population. Thus far, no Malaysian study has evaluated the public awareness on MRP and its utilization rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Utilization of Ministry of Health Medication Return Programme, Knowledge and Disposal Practice of Unused Medication in Malaysia

Yang¹,

Tan²,

Goh³

et al. 2018

JPPCM

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“…Furthermore, disposing expired medications in the garbage is the most commonly reported practice in various studies conducted in England [23], Lithuania [25], Serbia [26], Malta [27], Ireland [27,28], Romania [29], Cyprus [30], Poland [31], Pakistan [32,33], Bangladesh [34], India [35,36], Malaysia [37][38][39], Thailand [40], Hong Kong [41], China [42], Egypt [43], Ethiopia [44], Nigeria [45,46], Ghana [47], Kuwait [48,49], Qatar [50], Saudi Arabia [51], Israel [52], United States [53][54][55][56], Brazil [57,58], New Zealand [20], and Australia [19].…”

Section: Literature Review Of Some Reported Disposal Practices Aroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expired Medication: Societal, Regulatory and Ethical Aspects of a Wasted Opportunity

Alnahas

Yeboah

Fliedel

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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A massive volume of expired medications amasses annually around the world because of pharmaceutical overprescription, combined with overproduction. The accumulation of pharmaceutical waste imposes ecological, economic and social/ethical burdens. Managing this presumed “waste” has developed into a global challenge due to the absence of specific regulations, unreasonable behavior of the patients, and an improper understanding of the concept of “expired medications” in general. This paper summaries, first, the recent literature reporting practices related to the disposal of unused medications. In this context, 48 papers from 34 countries with a total of 33,832 participants point towards a significant lack of public awareness regarding the appropriate disposal of such biologically potent chemicals. These findings are corroborated by a local survey on the disposal practices of unused medicines among pharmacy students at Saarland University. The regulatory aspects surrounding this topic, often based on the official guidelines for the disposal of expired medications and local waste management strategies, are then discussed in light of these findings. Finally, a closer inspection of the epistemic values of expired medications and different strategies for managing expired medications have been reviewed.

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“…The study of the drugs inhibiting properties has been stimulated by the huge amount of expired or unused medicines. A part of them are destroyed by incineration, but an important amount is released in the residual water, thus polluting the environment [4,5]. Furthermore, drugs neutralization by incineration endangers the atmosphere with toxic compounds containing nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, fluorine and chlorine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expired drugs as inhibitors in electrochemical processes – a mini-review

Vaszilcsin¹,

Duca²,

Flueraş³

et al. 2019

Studia UBB Chemia

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Inhibitors of electrochemical processes have useful applications in corrosion protection of metals and alloys, as well as in galvanotechnics as levellers for the cathodic metal deposition. Active substances of drugs are good inhibitors, taking into account that they have in their molecules structures containing π electrons or lone pair electrons, being able to adsorb on the metal surfaces through weak physical or strong chemical interactions. Significant inhibition efficiency of several drugs have been proved many years ago, but unfortunately, drugs are expensive and their practical applications as corrosion inhibitors for metal and alloys has been delayed. In the present papers, the studies on the inhibition properties in metal corrosion processes of expired drugs have been emphasized, starting with the paper of R. S. Abdel Hameed, published in 2009. There are few studies on the expired drugs used as levellers in the cathodic metal deposition.

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A needs assessment of unused and expired medication disposal practices: A study from the Medication Safety Research Network of Indiana

Abstract: Background-Access and availability of unused and expired medication (UEM) due to improper disposal and storage is a serious issue, potentially leading to abuse, environmental concerns, and other.

Cited by 41 publications

References 3 publications

Utilization of Ministry of Health Medication Return Programme, Knowledge and Disposal Practice of Unused Medication in Malaysia

Utilization of Ministry of Health Medication Return Programme, Knowledge and Disposal Practice of Unused Medication in Malaysia

Expired Medication: Societal, Regulatory and Ethical Aspects of a Wasted Opportunity

Expired drugs as inhibitors in electrochemical processes – a mini-review

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