A near/mid infrared search for ultra-bright submillimetre galaxies: Searching for Cosmic Eyelash Analogues

Abstract

We present results from a near/mid IR search for submillimetre galaxies over a region of 6230 sq deg. of the southern sky. We used a cross-correlation of the VISTA Hemispheric Survey (VHS) and the WISE database to identify bright galaxies (K s 18.2) with near/mid IR colours similar to those of the high redshift lensed sub-mm galaxy SMM J2135-0102. We find 7 galaxies which fulfill all five adopted near/mid IR colour (NMIRQC) criteria and resemble the SED of the reference galaxy at these wavelengths. For these galaxies, which are broadly distributed in the sky, we determined photometric redshifts in the range z=1.6-3.2. We searched the VHS for clusters of galaxies, which may be acting as gravitational lenses, and found that 6 out of the 7 galaxies are located within 3.5 arcmin of a cluster/group of galaxies. Using the J-K s vs J sequences we determine photometric redshifts for these clusters/groups in the range z=0.2-0.9. We propose the newly identified sources are ultra-bright high redshift lensed SMG candidates. Follow-up observations in the sub-mm and mm are key to determine the ultimate nature of these objects.

Biomolecular Condensates: From Bacterial Compartments to Incubator Spaces of Emergent Chemical Systems in Matter‐to‐Life Transitions

“…Many parameters must be determined via experimentation beforehand, and the dynamics within the phase‐separated regime cannot be determined when discretizing the proteins as “beads” on a lattice [38] . Furthermore, considering matter‐to‐life transitions, the number of “beads” making up an early peptide polymer was likely limited due to the diminished availability of naturally occurring amino acids on the early Earth [39–43] …”

“…(A) Based on the traditionally accepted prebiotic inventory of amino acids, prebiotic condensates likely featured mainly hydrophobic interactions (green circles) with some hydrogen bonding interactions (blue triangles) and charge‐charge interactions (cyan squares) utilizing ornithine [66] . However, spectroscopic data of the star‐forming cluster IC 348 and analysis of the Ryugu asteroid have detected aromatic amino acids, which may broaden this inventory [39,40] . (B) Modern condensates additionally rely on π‐π (dark blue pentagons), π‐cation (purple hexagons), and more potent charge‐charge interactions (magenta heptagons) that no longer use ornithine.…”

“… The presence of biomolecular condensates as organizers of biochemistry in both eukaryotes and bacteria strengthens past arguments for the roles of coacervates as compartments in matter‐to‐life transitions. (A) Rocky and icy impactors, containing numerous amino acids and simple peptides, could have served as a vehicle for raw materials capable of forming condensates and membrane compartments [39–42,56,57,59–61] . (B) Dynamic peptide networks mediated by condensation could have been selected based on their capacity to form biomolecular condensates and amyloids.…”

The Einstein ring GAL-CLUS-022058s: a Lensed Ultrabright Submillimeter Galaxy at z=1.4796

“…5, taken from the Cosmic Eyelash referenced SED (Swinbank et al 2010), and detection at S/N > 5 in the four bands of the AllWISE catalog, we limited the sample to galactic latitudes |b| ≥ 20 o . Only SMGs at the peak epoch of the star formation in the Universe (z = 1.5 − 2.8) are expected to fulfill these criteria (Iglesias-Groth et al 2017). Then, we requested the AllWISE selected objects to have a Planck source detected within 5 arcmin with submillimeter flux ratios consistent with those expected for SMGs at z = 1.5 − 3.…”

GravityCam: Wide-field high-resolution high-cadence imaging surveys in the visible from the ground

“…High magnification events have also been discovered through follow-ups of wide-field infrared and sub-mm surveys or through follow-ups of lensing clusters (e.g. Swinbank et al 2010;Iglesias-Groth et al 2017;Cañameras et al 2015;Díaz-Sánchez et al 2017). Future Stage-IV CMB experiments and proposed missions such as CORE will supply many more high magnification events (e.g.…”