A Near‐Infrared‐Fluorescence‐Quenched Gold‐Nanoparticle Imaging Probe for In Vivo Drug Screening and Protease Activity Determination

Abstract

Nanodiagnose: Eine Goldnanopartikel(AuNP)‐Bildgebungssonde für Matrixmetalloproteinasen (MMPs) löscht hoch effizient die Fluoreszenz konjugierter NIR‐Farbstoffe und wird durch die Ziel‐MMPs spezifisch aktiviert (linker Bildteil). Das System detektiert nanomolare Proteasemengen in vitro ebenso wie in vivo. Experimente belegen einen Kontrast im Tumormausmodell (rechts).

Gold-nanoparticle-based biosensors for detection of enzyme activity

“…Tumors, with high protease activity, were clearly visualized by the near-infrared fluorescence signal from the probe. Pretreatment with a protease inhibitor reduced the tumor contrast significantly [15].…”

“…In an elegant example, a near-infrared-fluorescence-quenched GNP imaging probe, capable of detecting MMP-2 activity, was injected into murine SCC7 (squamous cell carcinoma) tumors [15]. Tumors, with high protease activity, were clearly visualized by the near-infrared fluorescence signal from the probe.…”

Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications and Their Safety Concerns

“…Gold nanoparticles have been the popular choice for near IR emitting nano fluorophores since it is relative biocompatible and easy to synthesize. (Lee, Cha et al 2008;Shang, Yin et al 2009) The surface plasmon resonance is dependent on the size of the nanoparticles that it moves towards red with increasing particle size. Other types of gold nanomaterials such as gold nanorods and gold nanoshells were also popularly used in bioimaging because of its tunable surface plasmon bands and controllable position of the resonance by varying the synthesis conditions.…”

Facile Preparation of Water Dispersible Red Fluorescent Organic Nanoparticles for Cell Imaging

“…[2][3][4] Up to date, various fluorescent materials including organic dyes, 5-7 fluorescent proteins, 8 fluorescent inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) [9][10][11][12][13][14] have been used as R/NIR probes. However, many of these fluorescent materials often suffered from obvious disadvantages such as water insolubility, photobleaching and toxicity, which severely limited their practical bioimaging applications.…”